ReviewCancers2025
A Systematic Review Defining Early Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Identifying Treatment.
Review in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Detection on Routine Colonoscopy: Review of 3550 Patients.JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic SurgeonsArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnal cancer screening has allowed for the diagnosis of early-stage anal cancers; however, guidelines for the treatment of early anal cancers remain mixed given the scarcity of clinical trials and data. Management ranges from chemoradiation therapy to local surgical excision.
methodsThis paper's objective is to clarify the definition of early anal cancer and its management. Approval for this systematic review was obtained through PROSPERO [CRD42022304327]. Three independent reviewers screened the studies and performed data analysis, with conflicts resolved by a fourth reviewer. All information is presented according to the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria were used to assess the certainty of the evidence.
resultsThe MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were queried with 628 articles screened. A total of 15 articles were selected for inclusion. Early anal cancer was most often defined as T1-2N0M0 anal cancer but also included Superficially Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SISCCA). There were various treatments assessed for outcomes including local excision, chemoradiation, and radiation. The studies reported overall survival, cancer-specific survival, recurrence-free survival, and/or colostomy-free survival, leading to significant heterogeneity amongst the studies. No meta-analysis was possible.
conclusionsPoor-quality studies exist for the evaluation of the most effective treatment modality for early anal cancer. Surgical excision alone with adequate margins has equivocal results, but data is poor. Chemoradiation is successful but may be overtreatment. Randomized controlled studies are needed, as screening will result in earlier anal cancer diagnoses.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.