Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40426626›Full record

ReviewBrain sciences2025

Ischemic Stroke in Patients Under Oral Anticoagulation: The Achilles Heel of Atrial Fibrillation Management.

Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Nikolaos Pyrpyris, Konstantinos Aznaouridis, Gyanaranjan Nayak, Panagiotis Kanatas, Panagiotis Theofilis, Panagiotis Tsioufis, Eirini Beneki, Aggelos Papanikolaou, Christos Fragoulis and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brain sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Kyriakos DimitriadisFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
Nikolaos PyrpyrisFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-0401-9473
Konstantinos AznaouridisFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-0706-4424
Gyanaranjan NayakFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-6808-7163
Panagiotis KanatasFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-6678-6240
Panagiotis TheofilisFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-9260-6306
Panagiotis TsioufisFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-1100-7430
Eirini BenekiFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-0464-3607
Aggelos PapanikolaouFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-2726-9520
Christos FragoulisFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-5598-9950
Konstantina AggeliFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.
Konstantinos TsioufisFirst Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration General Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-7636-6725

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oral anticoagulation (OAC) is essential for preventing ischemic stroke events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), and leads to a significant ischemic prophylaxis, when appropriately used. However, there is still a risk of experiencing stroke events, despite being under anticoagulation. Stroke despite OAC is an increasingly common diagnosis, and pathophysiologically, it can be associated with several etiologies, ranging from AF competing mechanisms to true anticoagulation failure. While the cardioembolic origin of stroke is the most frequently identified etiology, other factors also have to be considered, as there is a significance risk of coexistence. This highlights the need for thorough diagnostic testing, evaluating each stroke etiology independently, with the use of imaging, biomarker and blood tests. Treating such patients, however, is more complex, as there is still uncertainty regarding the selection of OAC post-stroke, with data showing a superiority of direct OAC (DOAC), compared to vitamin K antagonists, in recurrent ischemic stroke prevention and conflicting results regarding OAC switch. Finally, the additive value of cardiac interventions, such as left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO), in secondary prevention of stroke, is being explored, as it could potentially lead to significant stroke risk reduction. This review, therefore, provides an updated summary of the pathophysiology, diagnostics and therapeutics of stroke under OAC, while also discussing the future direction on the Achilles heel of AF management.

Indexed as

atrial fibrillationdirect oral anticoagulantsischemic strokeoral anticoagulationthrombosisvitamin K antagonists

Identifiers

PMID40426626
PMCPMC12110215

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.