Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40426344›Full record

ArticleBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Gender Differences in Cyberstalking: The Roles of Risk, Control, and Opportunity Factors in Social Media.

Seong-Sik Lee, Cheong Sun Park

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Seong-Sik LeeDepartment of Information Sociology, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0001-9186-483X
Cheong Sun ParkDepartment of Public Administration, Korean National Police University, Asan 31539, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0003-3023-218X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study empirically tests explanatory factors for cyberstalking on social networking services (SNS), especially focusing on gender differences in the effects of risk, control, and opportunity factors. In this study, we used lack of attachment and denial of victim as risk factors, morality and self-control as control factors, and anonymity as an opportunity factor. We predicted that the main risk effect for cyberstalking and the interaction effect between risk and control factors and between risk and opportunity factors can be differentiated by gender. It is hypothesized that the effects of lack of attachment and denial of victim as risk factors for cyberstalking would differ by gender. Furthermore, in the context of risk factors, we predicted that the moderating effect of the control factor would be greater for women, and the effect of the opportunity factor, such as anonymity, would be greater for men. The results of the analysis of cross-sectional data from 270 SNS using college students in Seoul, South Korea, generally supported the hypotheses. As a risk factor, the influence of lack of attachment was greater for men, while denial of victim was greater for women. The moderating effects of the control factors were greater for women in such a way that the interaction between denial of victim and morality was significant for women; while the moderating effect of the opportunity factor was greater for men in such a way that the interaction between lack of attachment and anonymity was more significant for men. This study finds that the risk factors of cyberstalking and the respective moderating effects of control and opportunity factors can be differentiated according to gender.

Indexed as

control factorscyberstalkinggender differencesopportunity factorsrisk factors

Identifiers

PMID40426344
PMCPMC12109372

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.