Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40426189›Full record

ArticleBMC veterinary research2025

A virulent escherichia coli O121-B2-ST131 strain causes hemorrhagic pneumonia in mink: evidence from pathogenicity and animal challenge experiments.

Yumeng Lin, Fang Wang, YanYang, Dexing Ma, Shanshan Wen, Xiaoyan Wang, Jiamei Yang, Zhenhong Guan, Hongyan Chen, Junwei Ge and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC veterinary research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. First Report ofMicroorganisms · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yumeng LinState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
Fang WangNational Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China.
YanYangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
Dexing MaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
Shanshan WenCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
Xiaoyan WangCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
Jiamei YangState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
Zhenhong GuanState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China.
Hongyan ChenNational Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150069, China.
Junwei GeCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
Lili ZhaoState Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China. zhaolili@jlu.edu.cn.

Funding

National Key R&D Program of China 2021YFF0703000National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No. 32072902
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In recent years, rapid fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia (HP) has been increasingly reported in mink. In several studies, the virulence factors of strains isolated from diseased tissues have been identified as extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC). The molecular characteristics of the strains were also analyzed, but whether ExPEC is the etiological agent of HP has not been confirmed in an animal challenge model. In this study, we characterized the antibiotic resistance, virulence characteristics, and pathogenicity of a bacterial strain isolated from a typical case of mink HP, and designated it L1. Our study revealed that isolate L1 has high levels of antibiotic resistance, to multiple antibiotics, including ampicillin, tylosin, kanamycin, and so on. Numerous virulence genes were detected in isolate L1, including those encoding adhesins (focG, afa/draB, mat, crl), invasins (ibeA, einv), and toxin (cnf1). ExPEC isolate L1 belongs to the O121 serogroup and was classified in the B2 phylogroup and sequence type 131 (ST131). Animal experiments showed that L1 is highly pathogenic to mice, and induced fatal HP in mink. A mouse model of isolate L1 infection showed lethargy, depression, and then death. The sick minks showed similar clinical signs and died soon after nasal bleeding and hematemesis, with a large amount of congestion and consolidation in the lungs. Using animal challenge experiments based on Koch's postulates, we demonstrate for the first time that ExPEC is a causative agent of rapid fatal HP in minks. Our research provides important insights into the identification and control of rapid fatal HP in minks and effective antibiotic treatments for infected animals.

Indexed as

Escherichia coliEscherichia coli InfectionsMinkPneumonia, BacterialAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsFemaleHemorrhageMiceVirulenceVirulence FactorsAnti-Bacterial AgentsVirulence FactorsEscherichia coliExtraintestinal pathogenic E. coliHemorrhagic pneumoniaMink diseasesPhylogenetic analysisVirulence factors

Identifiers

PMID40426189
PMCPMC12107772

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.