ArticleThe journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease2025
Association of multimorbidity and disease clusters with neuroimaging and cognitive outcomes in UK Biobank.
Article in The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Oral and cardiometabolic health through the lens of biobanks and large-scale epidemiologic research.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- Multimorbidity, disease clusters and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a population-based prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Clusters of Comorbidities in Multiple Sclerosis and Their Influence on Healthcare Resource Usage.European journal of neurology · 2025Observational
- Article
- Burden of multimorbidity and verbal phonemic fluency in cognitively healthy and mildly impaired older adults: findings from a real-world study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundThe relationship between multimorbidity, particularly disease clusters, with neuroimaging and cognitive outcomes that typically manifest prior to clinical diagnosis of dementia, remains understudied. This study investigated whether multimorbidity is associated with dementia-related neuroimaging and cognitive outcomes in the UK Biobank cohort.
methodsThis cross-sectional study used data from UK Biobank participants who attended imaging assessments between 2014-2023, and were free from neurological conditions, including dementia. Multimorbidity was defined as the coexistence of two or more long-term conditions, selected from a standardised criteria of 39 conditions. Latent class analyses were used to identify disease clusters. Neuroimaging outcomes were measured using magnetic resonance imaging, and cognition was assessed by seven tests measuring different cognitive domains. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the association between multimorbidity and disease clusters with neuroimaging and cognitive outcomes.
resultsA total of 43,160 participants were included (mean [standard deviation] age, 64.2 [7.7] years, 53.1 % female). Multimorbidity was present among 14,339 (33.2 %) participants, and was associated with reduced grey matter volume, total brain volume, left hippocampal volume, increased cerebrovascular pathology as well as reduced domain-specific cognitive function. A strong dose-response relationship was observed with the increasing number of multimorbid conditions across these outcomes. A disease cluster driven by cardiometabolic conditions was consistently associated with poorer brain health across all outcomes. Disease clusters driven by respiratory, mental health and other conditions showed less consistent associations.
conclusionsMultimorbidity was strongly associated with poorer brain health, particularly within the cardiometabolic disease cluster. Given that UK Biobank participants are, on average, healthier than the general population, future studies in more diverse and representative cohorts would be valuable.
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