ArticleTobacco control2026
Association between perceived changes in electronic cigarette retailer density and regulation support among adolescents in China.
Article in Tobacco control, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Synergistic Mechanisms and Comprehensive Functional Evaluation of Bioactive Components from Olive and Chinese Olive.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAdolescents' support for the regulation of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has been documented to be influenced by various factors, but the commercial environment has rarely been studied. We examined the relationship between adolescents' perceived changes in e-cigarette retailer density and their support for e-cigarette regulations in China and further identified potential underlying pathways.
methodsData were collected from a national online cross-sectional survey of Chinese adolescents during 2022-2023 (N=1988). Using structural equation modelling, we examined the association between perceived changes in e-cigarette retailer density and support for e-cigarette regulations, including flavour bans, online sales bans, taxation and comprehensive bans. Specifically, the analyses tested the mediating effects of e-cigarette-related positive outcome expectancy and perceived health risk, along with the moderating effects of e-cigarette use status.
resultsMore than half of the participants supported the flavour ban (58.3%), the online sales ban (67.7%) and taxation (71.7%), but only 43.5% supported the comprehensive ban on e-cigarettes. Perceived increases in retailer density were significantly negatively associated with adolescents' regulation support (β=-0.097, 95% CI -0.142 to -0.054), mediated by positive outcome expectancy (β=-0.009, 95% CI -0.017 to -0.003) and perceived health risk (β=-0.045, 95% CI -0.063 to -0.027). However, subgroup analysis found this association to be significant only in never users, rather than those who had tried e-cigarettes.
conclusionsPositive outcome expectancy and perceived health risk simultaneously influenced the negative association between perceived increases in e-cigarette retailer density and regulation support among adolescents who never vaped. Measures are needed to address the perceptions of increasing e-cigarette retailer density among adolescents.
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