ArticleBMJ paediatrics open2025
Late preterm as an often-overlooked group: the interplay of sleep, maternal mental health and sleep knowledge.
Article in BMJ paediatrics open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundLate preterm infants (LPT) are often overlooked despite representing a significant proportion of preterm births. This study explores the sleep characteristics of LPT infants aged 3-6 months compared with their term-born peers and investigates the relationship between infant sleep patterns, maternal mental health and maternal knowledge about infant sleep.
methodsA total of 84 infant-mother dyads were included. Infant sleep characteristics were assessed using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) with an additional norm-referenced scoring system to evaluate age-based sleep parameters. Maternal mental health was evaluated through the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and maternal knowledge of infant sleep was measured using a questionnaire based on the American Academy of Pediatrics' recommendations.
resultsSleep patterns between LPT and term infants were comparable, including nocturnal sleep duration (p=0.75) and nocturnal awakenings (p=0.33). However, maternal perceptions of sleep quality significantly differed, with LPT infants scoring higher on the Parent Perception subscale of the BISQ (median: 82.5 vs 70, p=0.04). Maternal DASS scores were negatively correlated with BISQ subscales in LPT infants. Anxiety scores were significantly associated with Parent Perception (r=-0.413, p<0.01) and total BISQ scores (r=-0.418, p<0.01). Depression was linked to lower Parent Perception (r=-0.346, p=0.03) and total BISQ scores (r=-0.319, p=0.04), while stress was associated with lower Parent Perception scores (p=0.03). In term infants, maternal knowledge of infant sleep was significantly higher in good sleepers (p=0.03), while maternal DASS scores showed no significant associations with sleep outcomes.
conclusionsInfant sleep should be considered within the maternal-infant dyad, with maternal factors playing a crucial role in shaping sleep outcomes, differing between LPT and term infants. The interplay between maternal mental health, parental sleep knowledge and sleep expectations warrants further investigation.
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