Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40425148›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of dentistry2026

The Combination of Graphene and Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Enhancing Bone Mineralization and Hydroxyapatite.

Silvia Anitasari, Nataniel Tandirogang, Hendrik Setia Budi, Yung-Kang Shen, Hadi Irawiraman, Marut Tangwattanachuleeporn

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Silvia AnitasariDepartment of Dental Materials and Devices, Dentistry Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0003-4996-5981
Nataniel TandirogangDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.
Hendrik Setia BudiDepartment of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-5518-3372
Yung-Kang ShenSchool of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0003-4209-3551
Hadi IrawiramanDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.
Marut TangwattanachuleepornDepartment of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand.

Funding

Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia 619/UN17.L1/HK/2024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of incorporating varying concentrations of graphene (0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 wt%) into polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds on mineralization and hydroxyapatite formation for bone tissue engineering applications. Materials and Methods: PCL scaffolds were fabricated with three different graphene concentrations: 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 wt%. The scaffolds underwent characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to assess chemical composition and mineralization. Radiological imaging was employed to evaluate structural integrity and mineral density over a 21-day period. Additionally, histology analysis was performed to assess cellular interactions and scaffold integration. Results: FTIR analysis on day 7 indicated early mineralization across all scaffolds, evidenced by phosphate (∼1030 cm Conclusion: Incorporating graphene into PCL scaffolds enhances mineralization and hydroxyapatite formation, with the 2.5 wt% concentration achieving the most substantial effects. The 2.5 wt% graphene scaffold presents a balanced alternative, promoting steady mineralization and maintaining structural integrity, making it a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.

Identifiers

PMID40425148
PMCPMC13160614

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.