Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40424975›Full record

ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology2025

Tipping the balance: innate and adaptive immunity in mitochondrial disease.

Andrew Phillip West, Peter J McGuire

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current opinion in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. JAK Inhibition inJIMD reports · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Andrew Phillip WestThe Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.
Peter J McGuireNational Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: peter.mcguire@nih.gov.

Funding

Metabolism, infection and immunity in inborn errors of mitochondrial metabolismZIAHG200381 · NHGRI · NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI MCGUIRE, PETER · 2012 to 2025
$21.7M
Type I Interferon Responses in the Pathobiology of Anthracycline-induced CardiotoxicityR01HL148153 · NHLBI · TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY · PI John Travis Hinson, Andrew Phillip West · 2020 to 2026
$2.8M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA HG200381NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL148153
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mitochondrial diseases (MtD) provide a unique window into the complex interplay between metabolism and immune function. These rare disorders, caused by defects in oxidative phosphorylation, result in bioenergetic deficiencies that disrupt multiple organ systems. While traditionally studied for their metabolic impact, MtD also profoundly affect the immune system, altering both innate and adaptive responses. This review explores how mitochondrial dysfunction shapes immune dysregulation, influencing thymocyte maturation, regulatory T cells, and B cell function while also driving innate immune activation through mitochondrial DNA instability and type I interferon signaling. Additionally, MtD highlight an emerging overlap between inborn errors of metabolism and inborn errors of immunity, revealing shared pathways that connect mitochondrial dysfunction to immune deficiencies and inflammatory disease. Studying MtD not only advances our understanding of immunometabolism but also provides critical insights into more common inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, offering potential therapeutic targets that extend beyond rare mitochondrial disorders.

Indexed as

Adaptive ImmunityImmunity, InnateMitochondriaMitochondrial DiseasesAnimalsDNA, MitochondrialHumansSignal TransductionDNA, Mitochondrial

Identifiers

PMID40424975
PMCPMC12210220

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.