Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40424485›Full record

ArticleThe journal of physical chemistry. B2025

Mechanistic Insights into Enhanced Reactivation of Organophosphate-Inhibited Enzymes by Methyl-Substituted 2-Pralidoxime Analogs.

Phiphob Naweephattana, Nalinee Kongkaew, Panida Surawatanawong, Nawee Kungwan, Yin Fang, Peter Wolschann, Phornphimon Maitarad, Kowit Hengphasatporn, Yasuteru Shigeta, Thanyada Rungrotmongkol and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of physical chemistry. B, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. From Mechanisms to Materials: Oximate Reactivity and Emerging Strategies for Organophosphate Detoxification.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026
    Review
  2. Structure-Reactivity Relationships inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Phiphob NaweephattanaCenter of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Nalinee KongkaewProgram in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Panida SurawatanawongDepartment of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0002-0300-4205
Nawee KungwanDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0002-2960-6853
Yin FangResearch Center for Translational Medicine Shanghai East Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7068-1628
Peter WolschannInstitute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna 1010, Austria.
Phornphimon MaitaradResearch Center of Nano Science and Technology, Department of chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0035-0070
Kowit HengphasatpornCenter for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-8501-3844
Yasuteru ShigetaCenter for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Ibaraki, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-3219-6007
Thanyada RungrotmongkolCenter of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0002-7402-3235
Alisa S VangnaiCenter of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0001-9485-5672

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organophosphate (OP) compounds, such as paraoxon (POX), inhibit enzymes critical for neurotransmission, causing severe neurotoxic effects. Pralidoxime (2-pyridine aldoxime methyl chloride) or 2-PAM is commonly employed to reverse this inhibition, but its reactivation efficiency is limited. This study computationally explores the reactivation mechanisms of 2-PAM and its methyl-substituted analogs, 4-methyl-2-PAM (4-Met-2-PAM), and 4,6-dimethyl-2-PAM (4,6-Dimet-2-PAM). The reactivation process involves several key steps, such as hydrogen transfer and nucleophilic substitution (

Indexed as

AcetylcholinesteraseCholinesterase InhibitorsCholinesterase ReactivatorsOrganophosphatesPralidoxime CompoundsButyrylcholinesteraseAcetylcholinesteraseButyrylcholinesteraseCholinesterase InhibitorsCholinesterase ReactivatorsOrganophosphatespralidoximePralidoxime Compounds

Identifiers

PMID40424485
PMCPMC12169655

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.