Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40422930›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2025

SAND: a comprehensive annotation of class D β-lactamases using structural alignment-based numbering.

Fedaa Attana, Soobin Kim, James Spencer, Bogdan I Iorga, Jean-Denis Docquier, Gian Maria Rossolini, Mariagrazia Perilli, Gianfranco Amicosante, Alejandro J Vila, Sergei B Vakulenko and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Disarming carbapenemase-producingAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Antibacterial activity of enmetazobactam againstAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. A unified annotation scheme for class D β-lactamases.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Fedaa AttanaUCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Soobin KimUCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
James SpencerSchool of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Bogdan I IorgaInstitut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.ORCID 0000-0003-0392-1350
Jean-Denis DocquierDipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Siena, Siena, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-9483-4476
Gian Maria RossoliniDepartment of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9386-0434
Mariagrazia PerilliDepartment of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-7370-1455
Gianfranco AmicosanteDepartment of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Alejandro J VilaInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (CONICET IBR -UNR), Rosario, Argentina.ORCID 0000-0002-7978-3233
Sergei B VakulenkoDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5327-8124
Shahriar MobasheryDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
Patricia BradfordAntimicrobial Development Specialists, LLC, Nyack, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1285-2978
Karen BushDepartment of Biology, Indiana University, , Bloomington, Indiana, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7843-2474
Sally R PartridgeSydney School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Andrea M HujerDepartment of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, , Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Kristine M HujerDepartment of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, , Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Robert A BonomoDepartment of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, , Cleveland, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3299-894X
Shozeb HaiderUCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-2650-2925

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Class D β-lactamases are a diverse group of enzymes that contribute to antibiotic resistance by inactivating β-lactam antibiotics. Examination of class D β-lactamases has evolved significantly over the years, with advancements in molecular biology and structural analysis providing deeper insights into their mechanisms of action and variation in specificity. However, one of the challenges in the field is the inconsistent residue numbering and secondary structure annotation across different studies, which complicates the comparison and interpretation of data. To address this, we propose SAND-a standardized naming system for both residues and secondary structure elements, based on a comprehensive structural alignment of all documented sequences and experimentally obtained crystal structures of class D β-lactamases. This unified framework will streamline cross-study comparisons and enhance data interpretation. Moreover, the standardized framework will enable AI-driven natural language processing (NLP) techniques to efficiently mine and compile relevant data from scientific literature, speeding up the discovery process and contributing to more rapid advancements in β-lactamase research.

Indexed as

beta-LactamasesAnti-Bacterial Agentsbeta-LactamsNatural Language ProcessingProtein Structure, SecondarySequence AlignmentAnti-Bacterial Agentsbeta-Lactamasesbeta-Lactamsclass DOXASANDsecondary structure annotationstructure-based sequence alignmentβ-lactamases

Identifiers

PMID40422930
PMCPMC12217458

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.