ArticleCells2025
Utilization of Flow Cytometry, Metabolomic Analyses and a Feline Infectious Peritonitis Case Study to Evaluate the Physiological Impact of Polyprenyl Immunostimulant.
Article in Cells, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Feline Infectious Peritonitis: A Challenging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Labyrinth.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Polyprenyl immunostimulant treatment during experimental feline herpesvirus-1 infection is associated with reduced ocular disease after conjunctival rechallenge.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Measles, hepatitis C, and COVID-19 are significant human diseases caused by RNA viruses. While vaccines exist to prevent infections, there are a small number of currently available therapeutic agents that can effectively treat these diseases after infection occurs. This study explores a new therapeutic strategy using a small molecule designated polyprenyl immunostimulant (PI) to increase innate immune responses and combat viral infections. Using a multi-disciplinary approach, this study quantifies the effects of PI in mice and THP-1 cells using flow cytometry to identify immune phenotypic markers and mass spectroscopy to monitor the metabolomic profiles of immune cells perturbed by PI treatment. The metabolomic studies identified that sphinganine and ceramide, which are precursors of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), were the common metabolites upregulated in THP-1 and mice blood. Sphingosine-1-phosphate can mediate the trafficking of T cells, whereas ceramide can signal the activation and proliferation of T cells, thereby modulating the mammalian host's immunity. To demonstrate proof-of-principle, a case study was conducted to examine the benefit of administering PI to improve the outcomes of a feline co-infected with two distinct RNA viruses-feline leukemia virus and feline infectious peritonitis virus. Both viruses produce deadly symptoms that closely resemble RNA viruses that infect humans. The results identify quantifiable cellular and metabolic markers arising from PI treatment that can be used to establish a platform measuring the efficacy of PI in modulating the innate immune system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.