ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025
Evolving global trends in PCOS burden: a three-decade analysis (1990-2021) with projections to 2036 among adolescents and young adults.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Sex differences in the developmental programming of cardiovascular and renal risk across the lifespan.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Review
- Low-Carbohydrate (Ketogenic) Diet in Children with Obesity: Part 2-Hormonal Effects of the Ketogenic Diet.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Citrus lemon peel extract versus metformin in testosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome: An experimental study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2026Article
- Amniotic-fluid metabolomics identifies phospholipid remodeling as a metabolic signature of intrauterine exposure in pregnancies with polycystic ovary syndrome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome among adolescents depending on the adopted diagnostic criteria.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Ovarian antral follicle dynamics from birth through reproductive maturity: a mini-review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Trends in PCOS Incidence, Prevalence, and DALYs Across Five BRICS Nations, 1990-2050: A Decomposition, Age-Period-Cohort, and Bayesian Forecasting Analysis Based on GBD 2021.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Drug-induced polycystic ovary syndrome: a real-world pharmacovigilance study based on the FAERS database.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting adolescent and young adult females, yet global data on its burden and trends remains limited. Methods: We analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 for females aged 10-24 years in 204 countries (1990-2021). Metrics included cases, age-standardized incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), disability-adjusted life years (ASDR), and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). Future trends (2022-2036) and disease reduction gaps were assessed. Results: From 1990 to 2021, global PCOS cases increased by 56% (incidence), 59% (prevalence), and 58% (DALYs). ASIR rose from 49.45 to 63.26 per 100,000, with an AAPC of 0.8. Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Oceania had the fastest growth, while high-SDI regions bore the highest burden. Girls aged 10-14 showed the steepest age-specific increase. Nationally, the largest increases occurred in Equatorial Guinea, Maldives, and Myanmar, while Italy saw a decline. Forecasts through 2036 indicate continued increases in ASIR (+8.32%), ASPR (+10.87%), and ASDR (+10.39%). Frontier analysis highlighted unachieved reduction potential, especially in high-SDI countries. Conclusions: PCOS burden among adolescents and young adults has significantly risen globally with disparities by region, SDI, and age, warranting urgent and equitable public health strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.