ArticleFrontiers in oncology2025
Case Report: Lymphangiogram and embolization for malignant chylothorax in cancer patients.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor-related lymphatic obstruction can cause malignant chylothorax, which can be debilitating. Conventional management includes dietary modifications, percutaneous drainage, and medical management (octreotide), most of which prove refractory in high-output chylothorax cases. Lymphangiogram and embolization in such cases offers a minimally-invasive alternative; however, its use in non-iatrogenic malignant chylothorax is underreported. We present three cases of malignant chylothorax managed with lymphangiogram followed by therapeutic embolization. Case 1: A 70-year-old female with relapsed angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma presents with bilateral chylous effusions refractory to conventional management. Following thoracic duct embolization (TDE) drainage output decreased from over 600 mL/day to less than 200 mL/day, permitting resumption of systemic therapy and subsequent autologous stem cell transplantation. Case 2: A 28-year-old female with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer presents with severe respiratory compromise due to extensive mediastinal disease and high-output chylothorax (>1 L/day) refractory to conventional therapy. TDE reduced drainage to less than 150 mL/day, allowing for continued targeted therapy. Case 3: A 70-year-old female with HER2-positive, ER-/PR- breast cancer presents with recurrent right-sided chylothorax despite prior surgical lymphatic ligations. Direct lymphatic leak embolization resulted in marked reduction of chylous output and significant symptom relief. Lymphangiogram with embolization is a safe and effective intervention for malignant chylothorax, regardless of surgical history. Early intervention can alleviate chyle leaks, facilitate ongoing cancer therapy, and improve patient outcomes, making it an important option in multidisciplinary oncology care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.