ArticleFrontiers in artificial intelligence2025
From data extraction to analysis: a comparative study of ELISE capabilities in scientific literature.
Article in Frontiers in artificial intelligence, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Audit-as-code: a policy-as-code framework for continuous AI assurance.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The exponential growth of scientific literature presents challenges for pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and Medtech industries, particularly in regulatory documentation, clinical research, and systematic reviews. Ensuring accurate data extraction, literature synthesis, and compliance with industry standards require AI tools that not only streamline workflows but also uphold scientific rigor. This study evaluates the performance of AI tools designed for bibliographic review, data extraction, and scientific synthesis, assessing their impact on decision-making, regulatory compliance, and research productivity. The AI tools assessed include general-purpose models like ChatGPT and specialized solutions such as ELISE (Elevated LIfe SciencEs), SciSpace/Typeset, Humata, and Epsilon. The evaluation is based on three main criteria: Extraction, Comprehension, and Analysis with Compliance and Traceability (ECACT) as additional dimensions. Human experts established reference benchmarks, while AI Evaluator models ensure objective performance measurement. The study introduces the ECACT score, a structured metric assessing AI reliability in scientific literature analysis, regulatory reporting and clinical documentation. Results demonstrate that ELISE consistently outperforms other AI tools, excelling in precise data extraction, deep contextual comprehension, and advanced content analysis. ELISE's ability to generate traceable, well-reasoned insights makes it particularly well-suited for high-stakes applications such as regulatory affairs, clinical trials, and medical documentation, where accuracy, transparency, and compliance are paramount. Unlike other AI tools, ELISE provides expert-level reasoning and explainability, ensuring AI-generated insights align with industry best practices. ChatGPT is efficient in data retrieval but lacks precision in complex analysis, limiting its use in high-stakes decision-making. Epsilon, Humata, and SciSpace/Typeset exhibit moderate performance, with variability affecting their reliability in critical applications. In conclusion, while AI tools such as ELISE enhance literature review, regulatory writing, and clinical data interpretation, human oversight remains essential to validate AI outputs and ensure compliance with scientific and regulatory standards. For pharmaceutical, biotechnological, and Medtech industries, AI integration must strike a balance between automation and expert supervision to maintain data integrity, transparency, and regulatory adherence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.