Cost-Effectiveness of Adjuvant Osimertinib With and Without Chemotherapy for Surgically Resected NSCLC.

Introduction: Osimertinib is now approved as adjuvant therapy for stage IB to III NSCLC with Methods: A set of Markov models was established to predict the cost-effectiveness of these different regimens. Data were sourced from the ADAURA trial's publications and protocols. Health outcomes were quantified as quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Costs and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were estimated in U.S. dollars (USD) and USD per QALY, respectively. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program were used to predict additional costs to the U.S. health care system. Results: Compared with treatment with chemotherapy alone, treatment with osimertinib plus chemotherapy yielded 5.86 QALYs with incremental costs of $414,607.69 (ICER = $380,347.85 per QALY). Treatment with osimertinib alone yielded 6.63 QALYs with an incremental cost of $402,224.32 (ICER = $213,447.59 per QALY). Osimertinib is only likely to be cost-effective if the willingness-to-pay threshold per QALY is $200,000 or more. The price of osimertinib had the strongest influence on cost-effectiveness. On the basis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program data, these practices may cost the U.S. health care system an additional 8.9 billion USD/year. Conclusions: Adjuvant osimertinib alone is more cost-effective than combination therapy, but only if the willingness-to-pay is high. A reduction in the price of osimertinib would improve its cost-effectiveness profile.