ArticlePhysiological reports2025
An investigation into sleep, perceived experiences, and exercise performance in elite male cyclists during the Tour de France.
Article in Physiological reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predictors of Perceived Sports Performance in Female Athletes: The Role of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction and Sleep Quality.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- The Role of Sleep on Physical and Cognitive Performance of Ultra-Endurance Athletes: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- A Pilot Study of the Effect of Locomotor and Mechanical Loads on Elite Rowers During Competition Days.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An investigation into sleep, perceived experiences, and exercise performance in elite male cyclists during the Tour de France.Physiological reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study explores the dynamics of sleep, somatic/psychological experience, and exercise performance before, during, and after the Tour de France (TDF). Objective and subjective sleep, self-reported perceived experience, and objective exercise performance data were collected daily from eight elite male cyclists across a 6-week period including the 3-week TDF and 11-day pre- and post-race periods. Associations between, and temporal changes in, primary interest metrics were explored through Pearson correlation and linear mixed models. Participants were (mean ± SD) aged 30 ± 4 years with overall objective sleep duration of 8 h 11mins (±58 min) per night. Sleep quality (0-100) was lower during the race than pre-race (β [95% CI]; -8.0[-11.7, -4.3]). During the pre-race period, sleep onset (4 [2, 5] mins) and offset times delayed (5 [3, 7] mins) and self-reported stress increased (1.87 [1.14, 2.61]) daily. Increases in muscular soreness (0.6 [0.3, 0.8]) and fatigue (0.4 [0.2, 0.6]) during the race preceded daily declines during the post-race period (-3.1 [-4.0, -2.1]; -2.7 [-3.5, -1.8]). Relative performance output (Performance Index; 0-1000) negatively predicted sleep duration (r [95% CI]; -0.32 [-0.46, -0.17]) and sleep quality (-0.34 [-0.47, -0.19]) during the race. Temporal changes in, and associations between, sleep timing, perceived experience, and exercise function highlight the potential for sleep-improvement strategies that enhance performance in naturalistic endurance sporting contexts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.