Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40420060›Full record

Observational studyBMC neurology2025

Time to treatment in pediatric patients with repeated episodes of status epilepticus.

Jennifer V Gettings, Iván Sánchez Fernández, Anne Anderson, J Nicholas Brenton, Afra Can, Justice Clark, Raquel Farias Moeller, Howard P Goodkin, Yi-Chen Lai, Mohamad A Mikati and 15 more

Abstract readObservational StudyMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Jennifer V GettingsDivision of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Iván Sánchez FernándezDivision of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Anne AndersonDivision of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
J Nicholas BrentonDepartments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Afra CanDivision of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
Justice ClarkDivision of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Raquel Farias MoellerDepartment of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Howard P GoodkinDepartments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Yi-Chen LaiDivision of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Mohamad A MikatiDivision of Pediatric Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Lindsey A MorganDivision of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Edward NovotnyDivision of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Adam P OstendorfDepartment of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Juan PiantinoDivision of Neurology, Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
James J RivielloDivision of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Kumar SannagowdaraChild Neurology, Advocate Aurora Health Care, Epilepsy, Greenfield, WI, USA.
Robert C TaskerDivision of Critical Care, Departments of Neurology, Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Dmitry TchapyjnikovLogan Health Children's Medical Center, Kallispell, MT, USA.
Mark S WainwrightDivision of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Angus WilfongDepartment of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Korwyn WilliamsDepartment of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Barrow Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
Bo ZhangDepartment of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Tobias LoddenkemperDivision of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Marina Gaínza-LeinDivision of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. m.gainzalein@gmail.com.
Pediatric Status Epilepticus Research Group (pSERG)

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo compare pediatric patients who presented with repeated status epilepticus episodes to patients with a single episode of status epilepticus and identify distinguishing clinical factors.

methodsRetrospective analysis of a multicenter, prospective observational cohort of pediatric patients with status epilepticus between 2011 and 2019.

resultsOut of 504 status epilepticus episodes in 420 patients, 50 patients (10.3%) had repeated episodes of status epilepticus. The only predictor of repeated status epilepticus was a prior diagnosis of epilepsy. There was no difference in time to treatment with the first benzodiazepine in patients presenting with their first status epilepticus episode compared to their second status epilepticus episode [median 10 (interquartile range 5-30) vs. 14 (4.5-52.5) minutes; (p = 0.24)] or in time to treatment with the first non- benzodiazepine anti-seizure medication (ASM) [61 (37-125) vs. 71 (34.5-117.5) minutes; p = 0.61]. In patients with repeated status epilepticus episodes with onset outside the hospital, the percentage of patients treated by caregivers did not improve between the first and second status epilepticus episode (61% vs. 60%, p = 0.56). However, the time to first benzodiazepine was shorter in patients treated by caregivers compared to those who were not [5 (0-25) vs. 55 (41-120) minutes; p < 0.001].

conclusionsTime to treatment with benzodiazepine and non-benzodiazepine ASM in patients with repeated episodes of status epilepticus does not improve for a second episode of status epilepticus, suggesting additional opportunities for intervention and teaching.

Indexed as

AnticonvulsantsBenzodiazepinesStatus EpilepticusTime-to-TreatmentAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesAnticonvulsantsBenzodiazepinesAnti-seizure medicationsBenzodiazepinesRefractory status epilepticusStatus epilepticusTreatment delay

Identifiers

PMID40420060
PMCPMC12105332

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.