Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40419813›Full record

ArticleInternational ophthalmology2025

Diagnostic performance of color vision tests for color vision deficiency: a network meta-analysis on comparisons of multiple color vision tests.

Ning Zhang, Jian Yang, Mosheng Hu, Ziye Liu

Abstract readComparative StudyNetwork Meta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ning ZhangAircrew Assessment Department, Civil Aviation Medical Center of China, Beijing, 100123, China.
Jian YangAeromedical Office, Civil Aviation Medical Center of China, Beijing, 100123, China. ygump@163.com.
Mosheng HuAircrew Assessment Department, Civil Aviation Medical Center of China, Beijing, 100123, China.
Ziye LiuAeromedical Office, Civil Aviation Medical Center of China, Beijing, 100123, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis network meta-analysis (NMA) was done to compare the performance of color vision tests in the detection of individuals with color vision deficiency (CVD).

methodsMedline (via PubMed), Embase, and Web of Science were comprehensively searched from inception of the databases to 17 January, 2023. Conventional meta-analysis of diagnostic indicators was performed. The superiority of a diagnostic approach was depicted using the Superiority (S) Index.

resultsSix studies were enrolled. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and area under the curve of summary receiver operating characteristic of the Ishihara tests were 0.89 (0.81, 0.94), 0.99 (0.96, 1.00), 110.8 (18.1, 677.0), 0.10 (0.05, 0.20), 1105 (112, 10,930), and 0.98 (0.96, 0.99). Waggoner Computerized Color Vision Test ranked the best performance in the detection of CVD, followed by CAD test, Ishihara test, Fletcher Lantern test, and HHR test as the rest second to the fifth most effective modalities.

conclusionThis NMA revealed that CAD test, Ishihara test, Fletcher Lantern test, and HHR test had favorable diagnostic validity in the detection of CVD.

Indexed as

Color Perception TestsColor VisionColor Vision DefectsHumansROC CurveColor vision deficiencyColor vision testingNetwork meta-analysisSensitivitySpecificity

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.