Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40419470›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Generating dermatopathology reports from gigapixel whole slide images with HistoGPT.

Manuel Tran, Paul Schmidle, Ruifeng Ray Guo, Sophia J Wagner, Valentin Koch, Valerio Lupperger, Brenna Novotny, Dennis H Murphree, Heather D Hardway, Marina D'Amato and 16 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Review
  4. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Digital Dermatology.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
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  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Multi-Modal Foundation Models for Computational Pathology: A Survey.Transactions on machine learning research · 2025
    Article
  20. Deep Learning Image Processing Models in Dermatopathology.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Manuel Tran *Helmholtz AI, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-9431-754X
Paul Schmidle *Department of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Ruifeng Ray GuoDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3345-0502
Sophia J WagnerHelmholtz AI, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-2282
Valentin KochSchool of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-9678-374X
Valerio LuppergerMLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Munich, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0112-2283
Brenna NovotnyDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4732-1736
Dennis H MurphreeDigital Health, Artificial Intelligence and Innovations Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Heather D HardwayDigital Health, Artificial Intelligence and Innovations Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Marina D'AmatoComputational Pathology Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-2258-0715
Judith LefkesComputational Pathology Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0813-4049
Daan J GeijsComputational Pathology Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Annette FeuchtingerCore Facility Pathology and Tissue Analytics, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
Alexander BöhnerDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
Robert KaczmarczykDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8570-1601
Tilo BiedermannDepartment of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5352-5105
Avital L AmirDepartment of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Antien L MooyaartDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Francesco CiompiComputational Pathology Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8327-9606
Geert LitjensComputational Pathology Group, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1554-1291
Chen WangDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2638-3081
Nneka I ComfereDigital Health, Artificial Intelligence and Innovations Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Kilian EyerichDepartment of Dermatology, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. kilian.eyerich@uniklinik-freiburg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0094-2674
Stephan A BraunDermatology Department, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. stephanalexander.braun@ukmuenster.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5600-0195
Carsten MarrHelmholtz AI, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany. carsten.marr@helmholtz-munich.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2154-4552
Tingying PengHelmholtz AI, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Germany. tingying.peng@helmholtz-munich.de.

Funding

EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council) 101113551EC | EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation H2020 | H2020 Priority Excellent Science | H2020 European Research Council (H2020 Excellent Science - European Research Council) 866411
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Histopathology is the reference standard for diagnosing the presence and nature of many diseases, including cancer. However, analyzing tissue samples under a microscope and summarizing the findings in a comprehensive pathology report is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and non-standardized. To address this problem, we present HistoGPT, a vision language model that generates pathology reports from a patient's multiple full-resolution histology images. It is trained on 15,129 whole slide images from 6705 dermatology patients with corresponding pathology reports. The generated reports match the quality of human-written reports for common and homogeneous malignancies, as confirmed by natural language processing metrics and domain expert analysis. We evaluate HistoGPT in an international, multi-center clinical study and show that it can accurately predict tumor subtypes, tumor thickness, and tumor margins in a zero-shot fashion. Our model demonstrates the potential of artificial intelligence to assist pathologists in evaluating, reporting, and understanding routine dermatopathology cases.

Indexed as

DermatologyImage Processing, Computer-AssistedSkin NeoplasmsArtificial IntelligenceHumansNatural Language Processing

Identifiers

PMID40419470
PMCPMC12106639

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.