ArticleAngewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)2025
Systematic Evaluation of Polarizing Agents for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced NMR.
Article in Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- High-frequency dynamic nuclear polarization in rotating solids.Science advances · 2026Review
- EPR spectroscopy 80 years after its discovery.Science advances · 2026Review
- Targeted NMR signal enhancement of RNA by site-directed bis-nitroxide labeling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Carbon-13 Centerband-Only Detection of EXchange with Dynamic Nuclear Polarization.Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry · 2026Article
- Artifact-free ultralow-temperature DNP-enhanced NMR of molecular assemblies at natural isotopic abundance.Science advances · 2025Article
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19 authors.
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Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can significantly enhance the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, via the transfer of polarization from unpaired electrons to nuclei. As a result, there is considerable interest in improving DNP efficiency, particularly through the development of new polarizing agents (PAs). Here, a series of 32 PAs, including 26 dinitroxide and 6 hetero biradicals, of which 11 are introduced for the first time, were evaluated for their performance in DNP NMR experiments at magnetic field strengths of 9.4 T, 14.1 T, and 21.1 T. The PAs that are soluble in aqueous media were compared for different proton concentrations. A detailed comparison of the enhancement factors, polarization build-up times, contribution factors, and the resulting overall sensitivity factors is provided. We find that the class of narrow-line-broad-line biradicals not only yield the best performance at high field (21.1 T and 14.1 T) but remain among the best at intermediate fields (9.4 T). Specifically, SNAPol-1 and HyTEK2 are consistently among the best performing radicals at any field. Among the dinitroxides, notably at 9.4 T, the AsymPol-POK and M-TinyPol families stand out in proton-dense aqueous matrices, and a newly developed dinitroxide, NaphPolCbo, is found to provide the best overall sensitivity factor in organic solvent.
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