Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40418501›Full record

ArticleAnatomical science international2025

Advanced fixation techniques for high-sensitivity molecular imaging: effectiveness of glyoxal fixation for immunostaining.

Kohtarou Konno, Miwako Yamasaki, Masahiko Watanabe

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Anatomical science international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kohtarou KonnoDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan. kotoro@med.hokudai.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4964-8011
Miwako YamasakiDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
Masahiko WatanabeDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.

Funding

Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan 21H02589Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan 21K06746the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development 20dm0207053h0004the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development JP14dm0207028h0003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chemical fixation is essential in immunohistochemistry for detecting molecular localization. The gold-standard fixative for immunohistochemistry is 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA); however, its properties-such as tissue shrinkage and protein cross-linking through methylene bridges-often restrict antibody access, posing challenges to achieving specific binding reactions. This is particularly true for receptors and ion channels condensed in the synaptic cleft, postsynaptic density, or trigger zone of action potentials. To overcome this problem, several laboratories have attempted antigen-exposure techniques. Recently, we demonstrated that fixation by glyoxal, a dialdehyde with two carbon atoms, enables specific detection of molecular groups that are difficult to be detected in PFA-fixed tissues. Here, we summarize the advantages and precautions in the use of glyoxal fixative.

Indexed as

FixativesGlyoxalImmunohistochemistryMolecular ImagingTissue FixationAnimalsFormaldehydeHumansFixativesFormaldehydeGlyoxalFixationGlyoxalImmunohistochemistryIon channelSynapse

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.