Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40418363›Full record

ArticleExperimental brain research2025

The electrocortical activity of elite Rubik's cube athletes while solving the cube.

Ali Asghar Zarei, Casper Ravn Frederiksen, Mathias Bundgaard Jensen, Anderson Souza Oliveira

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Experimental brain research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ali Asghar ZareiDepartment of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Casper Ravn FrederiksenDepartment of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Mathias Bundgaard JensenDepartment of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Anderson Souza OliveiraDepartment of Material and Production, Aalborg University, Fibigerstraede 16, building 4, Aalborg Øst, DK-9220, Denmark. oliveira@mp.aau.dk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Solving the Rubik's Cube (RC) swiftly demands intricate cognitive abilities to generate strategic and precise movements, and the electrocortical demands in high-level RC athletes have not been explored. Therefore, we aimed at examining the electrocortical activity associated with planning and executing the RC, alongside tasks assessing planning, fine motor skills, spatial working memory, and visuospatial ability. Thirteen experienced male speed-cubers underwent EEG recordings while performing RC-related tasks (planning and execution), Tower of London (TOL), Judgment of Line Angle and Position-15 (JLAP), Memory Match (MEM), and Fine Motor Skills (FMS). Our results demonstrated that speed-cubers presented similar EEG power spectrum when planning and executing the RC across all frequency bands (p > 0.05). Pearson's correlation demonstrated that Delta-band EEG power spectrum in the occipital lobe exhibited a significant association with RC execution (r = 0.71, p = 0.009), underscoring the importance of visuomotor integration. Similarly, JLAP performance correlated significantly with frontal (r=-0.65, p = 0.022) and occipital EEG power spectrum (r=-0.57, p = 0.048) at the Delta-band, emphasizing the role of visuospatial abilities. Moreover, TOL performance correlated significantly with temporal EEG power spectrum at the Delta- (r=-0.64, p = 0.025) and Theta-band (r = 0.67, p = 0.011), highlighting the role of planning abilities while solving the RC. In conclusion, this study sheds light on the complex neural mechanisms underlying speed-cubing, revealing intricate neural signatures across multiple brain regions associated with RC-related tasks and isolated cognitive activities. Understanding these neurocognitive underpinnings could pave the way for enhanced training protocols in tasks demanding high-level cognitive and motor skills.

Indexed as

AthletesCerebral CortexExecutive FunctionMotor SkillsPsychomotor PerformanceSpace PerceptionVisual PerceptionAdultElectroencephalographyHumansMaleMemory, Short-TermYoung AdultEEGMotor learningRubik’s cubeSpatial memoryVisuospatial memory

Identifiers

PMID40418363
PMCPMC12106139

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.