ReviewInfection2025
Bridging oral and systemic health: exploring pathogenesis, biomarkers, and diagnostic innovations in periodontal disease.
Review in Infection, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrated self-management interventions improve oral and metabolic health in community-dwelling adults with type 2 diabetes and periodontitis.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Clinical periodontal indices are associated with systemic inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in dogs with periodontal disease.Veterinary and animal science · 2026Article
- Association between periodontitis and heart failure: Mechanisms and clinical implications (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Interleukin-6 as an Oral-Vascular Inflammatory Bridge: Integrating CXCL10 and Haptoglobin 2-2 into a Potential Model of Periodontitis-Associated Cardiovascular Risk.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Classification model of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes risk using an artificial neural network model based on hematological, dental, and periodontal markers.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Periodontal biomarkers in cardiovascular disease: mechanisms, diagnostics, and clinical implications.Infection · 2026Review
- Periodontitis and Endotoxemia: Clinical and Microbiological Insights.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2026Article
- Mapping oral-systemic health relationships: a data-driven analysis of co-occurrence patterns in biomedical literature.JAMIA open · 2026Article
- Periodontal disease and cardiovascular events: mechanisms, biomarkers, and clinical translation.NPJ cardiovascular health · 2026Review
- The relationship of apical periodontitis with chronic diseases and smoking habits: an umbrella review.Odontology · 2026Review
- Platelet-derived concentrates in the immunological management of periodontitis: from dysbiosis to personalized approaches.Odontology · 2026Review
- Metabolic Risk Signals in Periodontal Clinics: Cross-Sectional Associations of PISA with hs-CRP and HOMA-IR.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Periodontitis as a Model for Inflammatory Uncoupling of Bone Remodeling.Journal of periodontal research · 2026Review
- Salivary Prevalence of Four Oral Pathogens in Postpartum Women in Northeast Romania: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- [Mechanism of silibinin in renal injury induced by periodontitis in mice].Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2026Article
- Recent advances in microfluidic technologies for the detection of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: toward point-of-care neurodiagnostic.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Review
- Review
- Osteoimmunologic and Immune-Aging Signatures in Postmenopausal Women with Periodontitis and Low Bone Mineral Density: A Cross-Sectional Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Periodontitis-Induced Immune Reprogramming: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy Response.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- A Novel Role for the Small Molecule Cinnamaldehyde in Protecting AgainstAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis narrative review explores the multifaceted links between periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) and systemic health conditions, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, adverse pregnancy outcomes, Alzheimer's disease, cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, and respiratory infections. It aims to synthesize evidence on how local oral infections exert systemic effects and evaluate the potential of diagnostic technologies to monitor these interactions.
methodsThis narrative review synthesizes current scientific literature on periodontal disease pathogenesis, focusing on key pathogens (e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum) and their roles in driving local and systemic inflammation via virulence factors and microbial dysbiosis. It examines biomarker-based diagnostic approaches (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α, microbial DNA) in saliva, blood, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and evaluates current and emerging diagnostic tools (e.g., ELISA, PCR, lateral flow assays, biosensors, microfluidics).
resultsThe review highlights that periodontal pathogens contribute to systemic disease through complex mechanisms including persistent inflammation (driven by cytokines like IL-1β, TNF-α), endotoxemia (via LPS, noting pathogen-specific structural variations impacting immune response), molecular mimicry, and immune modulation. Current diagnostic methods provide valuable information but often face limitations in speed, portability, and multiplexing capability needed for comprehensive point-of-care assessment. Emerging technologies, particularly multiplex platforms integrating biosensors or microfluidics, demonstrate significant potential for rapid, user-friendly analysis of multiple biomarkers, facilitating earlier detection and personalized risk stratification, especially in high-risk populations.
conclusionPeriodontal diseases significantly impact systemic health via intricate microbial and inflammatory pathways. The complexity of these interactions necessitates moving beyond conventional diagnostics towards integrated, advanced technologies. Implementing rapid, multiplex biomarker detection platforms within a multidisciplinary healthcare framework holds the potential to revolutionize early detection of linked conditions, improve personalized management strategies, and ultimately reduce the systemic burden of periodontal disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.