Observational studySexually transmitted diseases2025
Bacterial Vaginosis Incidence Following a Single Hyperosmolal Vaginal Lubricant Exposure: A Comparison of Two Observational Cohorts.
Observational study in Sexually transmitted diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prevalence of Amsel-Defined Bacterial Vaginosis Before and After Transvaginal Ultrasound With Lubricant Application.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Article
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9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHyperosmolal lubricants may negatively affect the vaginal microenvironment, increasing the risk for bacterial vaginosis (BV). We compared the incidence of Amsel-defined BV in reproductive-age women exposed to hyperosmolal lubricant during transvaginal ultrasound to those without recent lubricant exposure.
methodsWe analyzed 2 observational cohorts over 10 weeks: 58 lubricant-exposed women from the Gynecology and Lubricants Effects study and 59 lubricant-unexposed women from a University of Alabama Birmingham cohort linked to the University of Maryland Human Microbiome Project. Bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed using Amsel criteria at baseline, mid-study (lubricant-exposed, week 2; lubricant-unexposed, week 5), and final visit (week 10), and categorized by symptomatology. Risks for incident BV and Amsel criteria were assessed using modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors. An additional outcome of new-onset/newly symptomatic BV included those with baseline asymptomatic BV. A secondary analysis focused on Black participants (N = 73) due to an observed higher BV incidence.
resultsBaseline demographics and behaviors were similar between the cohorts. Among all participants, lubricant was not associated with new-onset BV (adjusted relative risk [aRR], 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.58-3.01). Eighty-eight percent (23/26) of all new-onset/newly symptomatic BV cases occurred in Black participants. Among Black participants, exposure to lubricant doubled the risk of developing new-onset BV (aRR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.16-4.11) and new-onset/newly symptomatic BV (aRR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.04-3.51), and increased the risk for new-onset clue cells (aRR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.17-4.06) versus no lubricant exposure.
conclusionHyperosmolal lubricants was associated with BV incidence in Black women. Factors contributing to this elevated risk require further research.
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