Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40415229›Full record

ArticleCancer medicine2025

'I Don't Think There Is a One-Size-Fits-All': A Qualitative Study Exploring Healthcare Professional and Service Provider Perspectives of Using Innovative Models of Cervical Screening to Improve Equitable Access to Self-Collection.

Claire Bavor, Tessa Saunders, Mikayla Wolfe, Megan A Smith, Nicola Creagh, Deborah Bateson, Angela Kelly-Hanku, Paula Jops, Marion Saville, Natalie Taylor and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Claire BavorEvaluation and Implementation Science Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7981-7878
Tessa SaundersEvaluation and Implementation Science Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Mikayla WolfeEvaluation and Implementation Science Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Megan A SmithThe Daffodil Centre, University of Sydney, a Joint Venture With Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Nicola CreaghEvaluation and Implementation Science Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0908-5453
Deborah BatesonSydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Angela Kelly-HankuKirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Paula JopsKirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Marion SavilleAustralian Centre for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.
Natalie TaylorImplementation to Impact, School of Population Health UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia.
Kate BrounCancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Julia M L BrothertonEvaluation and Implementation Science Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Claire NightingaleEvaluation and Implementation Science Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council GNT2014266National Health and Medical Research Council GNT2015178National Health and Medical Research Council GNT2030732National Health and Medical Research Council GNT2034406Victorian Cancer Agency MCRF21039
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn the Australian National Cervical Screening Program (NCSP), self-collection can be performed in any setting deemed appropriate by the healthcare professional who orders the test, creating opportunities to develop innovative cervical screening models that can address known barriers to access for under- and never-screened women and people with a cervix. This study explored the acceptability and appropriateness of innovative models and key considerations for their design and implementation from the perspectives of clinical and non-clinical providers.

methodsWe conducted online, semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals, pathology providers and community service providers (June-October 2023). Data were analyzed using template analysis, a form of thematic analysis.

resultsThere were 132 participants from across Australia (82 clinical providers [e.g., doctors, nurses, midwives]; 34 non-clinical providers [e.g., health/community service staff, disability support workers, bicultural workers]; and 16 pathology sector professionals). Four overarching themes were identified: acceptability, appropriateness, screening quality and safety, and implementation considerations. Most found innovative models acceptable when appropriately tailored to the needs of different population groups, particularly through community outreach, home in-reach and peer-supported services. Embedding clinical governance and oversight in the cervical screening pathway was a high priority to ensure that screening participants received adequate information about cervical screening and appropriate follow-up care. Participants identified the need for clearly defined roles in the cervical screening pathway, sustainable funding and professional development opportunities to expand the role of nurses and optimize the roles of non-clinical providers.

conclusionsInnovative models of cervical screening using self-collection can offer more accessible, inclusive, and convenient care, especially for under- and never-screened populations. Clinical governance and oversight must be embedded in the cervical screening pathway to maintain high-quality screening services and to support the implementation of tailored and targeted innovative screening models.

Indexed as

Attitude of Health PersonnelEarly Detection of CancerHealth PersonnelHealth Services AccessibilityUterine Cervical NeoplasmsAdultAustraliaFemaleHumansMaleMass ScreeningMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchVaginal Smearscervical screeningHPVmodels of screeningself‐collectionself‐samplingself‐testing

Identifiers

PMID40415229
PMCPMC12104203

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.