ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2025
Comparison of the long-term prognostic value of different frailty instruments in older inpatients: a 5-year prospective cohort study.
Article in European journal of medical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- [Frailty in intensive care medicine].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2026Pooled it
- FI-CGA and eFI-CGA in Frailty Care: a Scoping Review.Canadian geriatrics journal : CGJ · 2026Review
- Electronic frailty index based on comprehensive geriatric assessment in primary care: feasibility, validity, and reliability.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Gaming Against Frailty: Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Training on Postural Control, Mobility, and Fear of Falling Among Frail Older Adults.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFrailty is associated with increased mortality in older adults, but limited studies compare frailty instruments among inpatients with long-term follow-up.
aimsTo evaluate five frailty scales for predicting 5-year all-cause mortality in older inpatients.
methodsThis prospective cohort study enrolled 917 inpatients aged ≥ 65 years. We used five commonly used scales [Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), FRAIL, Fried, Edmonton, and the comprehensive geriatric assessment-frailty index (CGA-FI)] to screen or assess frailty and then conducted a 5-year telephone follow-up. The primary endpoint was 5-year all-cause mortality. The predictive value of different frailty scales was compared using Kaplan-Meier (K-M) survival analysis, COX regression models, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
resultsThe prevalence of frailty ranged from 19.5 to 36.5%. Both K-M survival curves and Cox regression confirmed that frailty patients had higher mortality risk across all scales. After multivariate adjustment, the hazard ratios from highest to lowest, were: CGA-FI, FRAIL, Fried, CFS, and Edmonton (all p < 0.05). Frailty demonstrated moderate performance, with area under the curves (AUCs) ranging from 0.70 to 0.75 (all p < 0.001). CGA-FI had the largest AUC of 0.724, revealing the best predictive value, while FRAIL had the smallest AUC of 0.666. The AUCs of Fried, Edmonton, and CFS gradually decreased, with no statistical differences. Furthermore, CFS has the highest sensitivity (77.5%).
conclusionsFrailty identified by all scales is associated with an increased risk of long-term mortality. CFS is the preferred frailty screening scale, while CGA-FI is the most accurate assessment scale. Trial registration ChiCTR1800017204 (07/18/2018).
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