ArticleBMC health services research2025
Emergency department care experiences among 2SLGBTQQIA+ patients: a mixed methods study.
Article in BMC health services research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Decompensated Toxic Shock in a Gender-Diverse Adolescent: A Pediatric Emergency Medicine Simulation Case.MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources · 2026Article
- Examining the Emergency Department Care Experiences of Equity-Deserving Groups Using an Intersectional Lens.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEquity-deserving groups (EDG), including those who identify as two-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, intersex, and/or asexual (2SLGBTQQIA+), are disproportionately treated in the Emergency Department (ED). This study aimed to understand ED care experiences of 2SLGBTQQIA+ individuals compared to those who do not identify with an equity-deserving group in Kingston, Canada, ultimately aiming to enhance inclusivity and better meet healthcare needs.
methodsData were collected through a mixed qualitative/quantitative cross-sectional study using a novel electronic survey tool (Spryng.io), which purposely integrates qualitative and quantitative data, while minimising researcher bias. A community-based participatory approach was employed to involve community stakeholders. Participants were recruited from the Kingston Health Sciences Centre's ED, Urgent Care Centre, and at community-based organisations. Quantitative data were analysed using chi-squared tests, while qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results were triangulated. Focus group discussions with community partners were then undertaken to contextualise findings.
resultsCompared to persons who did not identify as belonging to an EDG (n = 949), 2SLGBTQQIA+ individuals (n = 118) felt their identity had a more negative impact on their care (p < 0.0001) and experienced more judgment and disrespect from healthcare providers (HCPs) (p < 0.0001). Four themes emerged from triangulation of qualitative and quantitative data: (1) mixed emotions regarding ED care; (2) transgender and non-binary health care considerations; (3) unmet mental health needs; and (4) lack of patient-centred care for 2SLGBTQQIA+ patients.
conclusions2SLGBTQQIA+ individuals often face unmet mental health care needs, requiring tailored mental health care provision in the ED. Intersectionality within the 2SLGBTQQIA+ population underscores the importance of trauma-informed care. Strategies to improve 2SLGBTQQIA+ healthcare include implementing safer spaces, clear feedback mechanisms, referrals to gender-affirming specialists, and privacy in triage. Further research should assess the impact of educational interventions on HCP knowledge and patient experiences in the ED.
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