Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40413686›Full record

Trial reportClinical pharmacokinetics2025

Optimizing Nortriptyline Dosing: A Comparison between Pharmacogenetics-Based, Phenotype-Based, and Standard Dosing.

Cornelis F Vos, Marieke J H Coenen, Sophie E Ter Hark, Arnt F A Schellekens, Rob E Aarnoutse, Joost G E Janzing, Rob Ter Heine

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialComparative Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Cornelis F VosDepartment of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Reinier Postlaan 10, 6526 GC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. niels.vos@radboudumc.nl.ORCID 0000-0001-6760-1474
Marieke J H CoenenDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Sophie E Ter HarkDepartment of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Reinier Postlaan 10, 6526 GC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Arnt F A SchellekensDepartment of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Reinier Postlaan 10, 6526 GC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Rob E AarnoutseDepartment of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Joost G E JanzingDepartment of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Reinier Postlaan 10, 6526 GC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Rob Ter HeineDepartment of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Funding

ZonMw 848016004
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectiveNortriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, has an important role in the pharmacotherapy of major depressive disorder (MDD). Individualized dosing approaches, such as pharmacogenetics-based and phenotype-based dosing, may enhance early achievement of therapeutic plasma concentrations, but their comparative accuracy has not been investigated. Our objective was to compare the accuracy of three nortriptyline dosing strategies: pharmacogenetics-based, phenotype-based, and standard dosing.

methodsUsing pharmacokinetic modeling based on data from a randomized controlled trial, we assessed and compared the following dosing strategies: pharmacogenetics-based dosing depending on the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2D6 genotype, phenotype-based dosing determined by the plasma concentration measured after a single nortriptyline administration, and standard dosing (125 mg/day). A population pharmacokinetic model was developed to assess phenotype-based dosing recommendations. We evaluated the dosing strategies by comparing the number of participants with predicted therapeutic, subtherapeutic, and supratherapeutic plasma concentrations using Chi-squared (χ

resultsBoth pharmacogenetics-based (χ

conclusionsPharmacogenetics-based and phenotype-based dosing demonstrate greater accuracy in predicting therapeutic nortriptyline plasma concentrations than standard dosing. Further research is warranted to explore the clinical application of model-informed precision dosing for nortriptyline and other psychotropic medications.

Indexed as

Antidepressive Agents, TricyclicCytochrome P-450 CYP2D6Major Depressive DisorderNortriptylinePharmacogeneticsAdultDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleGenotypeHumansMaleMiddle AgedModels, BiologicalPhenotypePrecision MedicineYoung AdultAntidepressive Agents, TricyclicCytochrome P-450 CYP2D6Nortriptyline

Identifiers

PMID40413686
PMCPMC12185566

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.