ArticleTechniques in coloproctology2025
The 5-year outcomes and predictors of healing in chronic anal fissure treated with botulinum toxin: a retrospective analysis of 199 cases.
Article in Techniques in coloproctology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Assessment of Treatment Effectiveness in Acute and Chronic Anal Fissures.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBotulinum toxin (BT) is a nonsurgical alternative to lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS). While there are promising results, there is still a gap in knowledge regarding long-term outcomes and the predictors for healing after BT.
methodsChronic anal fissure (CAF) patients treated with 100 IU BT with a minimum 5-year follow-up were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with persistent or recurrent fissures after their first BT injection were offered either a second BT injection or LIS. Healing was defined as complete symptom resolution with fissure epithelization. The primary outcome measure was recurrence-free healing rate with BT at 5 years. Predictors of healing were assessed by logistic regression analysis.
resultsThe mean age was 33.8 ± 10 years, and 139 (69.5%) patients were female. The complete healing rate at 5 years was 73.8% and 26.2% for the patients that underwent LIS. Multivariate analysis for LIS likelihood revealed that female gender (odds ratio, OR: 0.48, 95% confidence intervals, CI 0.25-0.92, p = 0.028), absence of chronic constipation (OR: 0.09, 95% CI 0.03-0.25, p = < 0.0001), and shorter constipation duration (OR: 1.10, 95% CI 1.06-1.13, p = < 0.0001) were predictors for recurrent-free healing after BT at 5-years. A cutoff value of 10 months of constipation yielded an accuracy of 88% for predicting nonhealing with BT (AUC: 0.881). BT-related incontinence was mild and resolved within 2 months, while LIS resulted in 19.2% permanent incontinence at 5 years.
conclusionsBT is an effective and safe treatment for CAF, with acceptable long-term outcomes and minimal incontinence risk. Constipation duration and gender are key predictors of healing, aiding patient selection. Male patients with prolonged constipation may benefit from earlier consideration of LIS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.