Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40413573›Full record

ArticleAssessment2026

Cognitive Performance in Parkinson's Spectrum Disorders: a comparative study of patients with Parkinson's Disease, Parkinson's Disease Dementia, Dementia With Lewy Bodies, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, and Corticobasal Syndrome.

Eva A van Breugel, Esther van den Berg, Sanne Franzen, Judy van Hemmen, Harro Seelaar, Caroline van Heugten, Lize C Jiskoot

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Assessment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Eva A van BreugelErasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0008-6405-2826
Esther van den BergErasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-8120-7366
Sanne FranzenErasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Judy van HemmenErasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Harro SeelaarErasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Caroline van HeugtenMaastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Lize C JiskootErasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1120-1858

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Parkinson's spectrum encompasses Parkinson's disease (PD), PD dementia (PDD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). Clinical diagnosis mainly relies on progression over time and neuroimaging, biomarkers, and neurological observations, aided by neuropsychological assessment. Neuropsychological profiles and differences within the Parkinson's spectrum have been understudied. This retrospective study analyzed mean performance and proportions of impairment of neuropsychological assessments of 212 patients in the Parkinson's spectrum at an academic outpatient memory clinic. Patients with PD scored significantly higher than the other patient groups on most tests. The other patient groups showed limited significant differences from one another. The letter fluency test was most effective in distinguishing PD from the other disorders. The auditory verbal learning test was suitable to distinguish PDD and DLB from the other disorders. Results indicate considerable overlap in cognitive profiles across Parkinson's spectrum disorders, suggesting neuropsychological assessment is valuable for assessing cognitive function, guiding post-diagnostic support, and monitoring progression, rather than differential diagnosis.

Indexed as

DementiaLewy Body DiseaseParkinson DiseaseSupranuclear Palsy, ProgressiveAgedAged, 80 and overCognitionDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsRetrospective Studiescorticobasal syndromedementia with Lewy bodiesneuropsychological assessmentParkinson’s diseaseParkinson’s spectrumprogressive supranuclear palsy

Identifiers

PMID40413573
PMCPMC13153448

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.