ArticleVirology journal2025
Immune evasion, infectivity, and membrane fusion of the SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 variant.
Article in Virology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches to SARS-CoV-2 Wastewater Surveillance.Viruses · 2026Pooled it
- Perspective Overview of Changing Population Immunity to COVID-19 in the Context of Infection, Vaccination, and Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Noncompetitive Fluorescence Polarization Aptamer Assay for Detecting SARS-CoV‑2 Variants.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Nimble Nimbus and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants - implications for COVID vaccines.New microbes and new infections · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 undergoes continuous mutations during transmission, resulting in a variety of Omicron subvariants. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 and its descendants JN.1, KP.2, KP.1.1 have been identified as the primary variants spreading globally. These emerging Omicron variants have increased transmissibility, potentially elevating the risk of viral reinfection in the population. However, the biological characteristics of newly-emerged Omicron subvariants in infecting host cells remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the neutralization effect of BA.2.86 and its descendant JN.1, as well as D614G, BA.2, BA.4/5, XBB.1.5, EG.5.1, HV.1, HK.3, JD.1.1 and JG.3 on convalescent sera obtained from individuals infected with BA.5 or XBB.1.5 strain. We evaluated the biological characteristics of variants spike proteins by measuring viral infectivity, affinity for receptors, and membrane fusion. Compared to XBB-related subvariants, BA.2.86 exhibited a diminished immune escape response, but JN.1 displayed a markedly augmented immune escape capability, which was closely related to its rapid transmission. BA.2.86 was less infectious in susceptible cells, while the JN.1 variant exhibited relatively high infectivity. Notably, BA.2.86 and JN.1 exhibited low fusion activity in 293 T-ACE2 cells, but relatively high fusogenicity in transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) overexpression cells. This study explored the evolutionary characteristics of emerging Omicron subvariants in host adaptation, and provided new strategies for the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.