SynthesisClinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)2025
The association between age at menarche and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression.
Synthesis in Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic links between female reproductive milestones and major depressive disorder: evidence from a common genetic factor model.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Fear of childbirth mediates the relationship between premenstrual syndrome and postpartum depression in Chinese postpartum women: a multicenter cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Observational
- The association between age at menarche and subsequent risk of chronic pain.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Review
- Are the Previously Reported Risk Factors for Endometriosis Actually Associated With Pain and Infertility Rather Than Endometriosis Itself?Reproductive medicine and biologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe existing literature presents conflicting findings regarding the relationship between Age At Menarche (AAM) and depression. Thus, to address this gap, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate current evidence to clarify the association between AAM and depression.
methodsMedline (PubMed), Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from 2000 until June 2024 to include cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies. The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) instrument. The odds ratio (OR) of depression and its 95 % Confidence Interval (95 % CI) were calculated using the random effects model and inverse variance method. The protocol is registered in PROSPERO, number CRD42024551838.
resultsFrom a total of 2175 search records, 13 studies were included comprising 434,838 participants with NOS scores ranging from 7 to 9. The present findings showed that early menarche is associated with significantly higher odds of depression compared to both normative AAM (OR = 1.36, 95 % CI: 1.20‒1.53) and late AAM (OR = 1.52, 95 % CI 1.22‒1.90). Also, females with later menarche had lower odds of depression compared to females with normal AAM (OR = 0.91, 95 % CI 0.76‒1.09); however, this association was not statistically significant.
conclusionThe present findings demonstrated that early menarche is associated with elevated odds of depression compared to females of both normative AAM and late AAM.
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