Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40410843›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2025

Analysis of stress, anxiety, and depression among dental students and dentists: a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey.

Diva Lugassy, Sarit Naishlos, Yoav Shapinko, Sara Zissu, Rotem Shitrit Lahav, Asaf Shely, Gil Ben-Izhack

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Diva LugassyDepartment of Orthodontics, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of medical and health sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel. diva.lugassy@gmail.com.
Sarit NaishlosDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of medical and health sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel.
Yoav ShapinkoDepartment of Orthodontics, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of medical and health sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
Sara ZissuDepartment of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of medical and health sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
Rotem Shitrit LahavDepartment of Oral Rehabilitation, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of medical and health sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel.
Asaf ShelyPrivate clinic, Menahem begin 158, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Gil Ben-IzhackDental Division, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin, 70300, Israel.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDental education is considered a highly stressful training process that can lead to high levels of stress, anxiety and depression, which can affect wellbeing and performance. Moreover, after the completion of training, working as a dentist is a stressful occupation due to direct interactions with patients and the necessity of carrying out complicated dental procedures in the vulnerable area of the patient's mouth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate stress, anxiety, and depression levels experienced by dental students compared to those among dentists.

methodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out involving 42 general dentists (graduates of Tel-Aviv University) and 73 dental students in their clinical years (fifth and sixth years at Tel-Aviv University). Psychological wellbeing was assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), which measures the severity of psychological distress via a reliable self-rating questionnaire.

resultsThe overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among dental students was 54.79%, 58.9%, and 57.53%, respectively, and the overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among dentists was 23.8%, 21.5%, and 21.4%, respectively. Significant differences were found in relation to DASS categories (normal, mild, moderate, severe, and extremely severe) for depression (p = 0.005), anxiety (p = 0.003), and stress (p = 0.002), with higher levels of psychological symptoms of anxiety, stress, and depression observed in clinical dental students and lower levels observed in dentists. No significant differences were found between male and female participants regarding mean DASS scores for depression, anxiety, and stress across all study groups (p > 0.208).

conclusionsHigh levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were observed in clinical dental students. However, these levels significantly decreased upon becoming a dentist. No differences were found regarding gender among the two groups. However, a longitudinal study following dental students during the process of dental education and into their work life is required.

Indexed as

AnxietyDentistsDepressionStress, PsychologicalStudents, DentalAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultAnxietyDASS scoreDental studentDentistDepressionPsychological symptomsStress

Identifiers

PMID40410843
PMCPMC12100885

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.