Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40410638›Full record

ArticleDiscover oncology2025

Impact of tumor-to-nipple distance on outcomes in robotic nipple-sparing mastectomy and reconstruction.

Joon Suk Moon, Young Jin Lee, Tae Kyung Yoo, Jisun Kim, Il Yong Chung, Beom Seok Ko, Hee Jeong Kim, Jong Won Lee, Byung Ho Son, Sae Byul Lee

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Discover oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Joon Suk MoonDepartment of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Young Jin LeeDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Tae Kyung YooDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Jisun KimDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Il Yong ChungDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Beom Seok KoDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Hee Jeong KimDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Jong Won LeeDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Byung Ho SonDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Sae Byul LeeDivision of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea. newstar153@hanmail.net.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-6937

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) has become a preferred surgical option for breast cancer patients due to its oncologic safety and aesthetic benefits. Robotic NSM (RNSM) offers enhanced precision and minimally invasive access, yet its feasibility in cases with a tumor-to-nipple distance (TND) ≤ 1 cm remains unclear. This study evaluates the oncologic safety and surgical outcomes of RNSM in patients with TND ≤ 1 cm by comparing it with both RNSM in patients with TND > 1 cm and conventional NSM (CNSM) in patients with TND ≤ 1 cm.

methodsA retrospective analysis of 1427 patients who underwent NSM with immediate reconstruction between October 2020 and October 2023 was conducted. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to compare three groups: TND ≤ 1 cm, RNSM vs. TND > 1 cm, RNSM and TND ≤ 1 cm, RNSM vs. TND ≤ 1 cm, CNSM. Oncologic safety was assessed by analyzing subareolar resection margin status, while surgical outcomes included postoperative complications such as nipple-areolar complex (NAC) necrosis.

resultAfter PSM, no statistically significant differences were observed in subareolar resection margin results or the incidence of adverse events between the TND ≤ 1 cm and TND > 1 cm RNSM groups. Similarly, no significant differences were found in oncologic or surgical outcomes between RNSM and CNSM in patients with TND ≤ 1 cm.

conclusionsRNSM is a safe and feasible option for patients with TND ≤ 1 cm, achieving oncologic outcomes comparable to CNSM in patients with TND ≤ 1 cm and RNSM in patients with TND > 1 cm. These findings suggest that TND ≤ 1 cm should not be a contraindication for RNSM. Further prospective studies with long-term follow-up are necessary to validate these results.

Indexed as

Conventional nipple-sparing mastectomyNipple-sparing mastectomyRobotic nipple-sparing mastectomyTumor-to-nipple distance

Identifiers

PMID40410638
PMCPMC12102034

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.