ArticleNeuroImage. Clinical2025
Blood-brain barrier permeability varies by brain region and APOE4 status and correlates with brain microstructure among high-AD risk groups.
Article in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Safety profiles of lecanemab: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and real-world evidence.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Pooled it
- Molecular programs in human locus coeruleus link APOE and neuromelanin to Alzheimer's vulnerability.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Article
- Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Cell · 2026Review
- Astrocyte-blood-brain barrier crosstalk in cerebral small vessel disease: linking barrier dysfunction to neurovascular failure.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Impact of Alzheimer's disease risk factors and local neuromelanin content on the transcriptomic landscape of the human locus coeruleus.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
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3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough strong evidence exists for blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in Alzheimer's disease (AD), substantial uncertainty remains regarding its role. We address gaps and inconsistencies in the literature by examining regional variation in BBB permeability among cognitively normal older adults enriched for AD risk, the influence of genetic risk and its interactions with amyloid-β and sex, and the relationships between BBB breakdown and brain microstructure. Additionally, we compare two methods of quantifying BBB permeability.
methodsDynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and restriction spectrum imaging were performed on 48 cognitively normal older adults. We examined differences in whole-brain regional BBB permeability between APOE4 carriers and non-carriers, as well as associations with brain microstructure. Analyses tested interactions of APOE4 with sex and amyloid-β positivity, and were compared using continuous measurements of permeability (K
resultsBBB permeability was variable, with highest values in cortical gray matter, including inferior frontal, temporal, and some sensory regions across the full sample. APOE4 carriers had elevated permeability throughout superior occipital, parietal, and frontal cortical regions compared to non-carriers. Results were unchanged after controlling for amyloid-β positivity or when using ALI instead of K DISCUSSION: Individuals at greater genetic risk for AD demonstrate elevated cortical BBB permeability associated with microstructural abnormalities. These relationships were seen in a widespread spatial pattern that is dissimilar from the stereotypical spread of AD neuropathology.
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