ArticlePloS one2025
Single immersion in cold water below 4 °C: A health hazard in young healthy men?
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Understanding the Secular Decline in Testosterone: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Clinical Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Correction: Single immersion in cold water below 4 °C: A health hazard in young healthy men?PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The circulatory system plays a significant role in the adaptation of the human body to varying environmental conditions and stress factors, such as cold water immersion. The aim of the study was to determine whether a single immersion in cold water below 4 °C, at air temperature of -15 °C constitutes a health risk in young healthy men. For this purpose, the following parameters were determined in the blood samples collected in 13 young males before and after cold water immersion: electrolytes, renal profile, liver profile, lipid profile, glucose, testosterone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, cortisol. After the immersion, a statistically significant decrease was found for Cl- (p ≤ 0.027), mean values of renal profile indicators: urea (p = 0.0019), creatinine (p = 0.0007), and uric acid (p = 0.0293), as well as testosterone (p = 0.000037). In turn, higher values of estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.0425), total bilirubin (p = 0.0033), aspartate transaminase (p = 0.0023), alanine transaminase (p = 0.0053), lactate dehydrogenase (p = 0.0336), creatine kinase (p = 0.0117), CK-MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (p = 0.0028), and high-density lipoprotein (p = 0.0270) were measured after cold water immersion. No significant changes in other biochemical parameters were observed. Single cold water immersion thus resulted in significant changes of blood parameters within non-pathological limits.
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Registered trials
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