Trial reportPM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation2025
Effectiveness of a multimodal physiotherapy program in fighter pilots with flight-related neck pain: A randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy for Functional Sequelae in Adults with Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of a multimodal physiotherapy program in fighter pilots with flight-related neck pain: A randomized controlled trial.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Acute Effects of Low-Load Blood Flow Restriction Exercise on Vastus Lateralis Electromyographic Activity in Healthy Young Adults: A Pilot Randomized Study.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Article
- Pain neuroscience education improves knowledge and satisfaction in adolescents with and without intellectual disabilities: a cross-sectional study.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFlight-related neck pain constitutes a clinical entity related to the performance, occupational health, and flight safety of fighter pilots.
objectiveTo investigate whether a multimodal physiotherapy program combining supervised motor control exercises with laser-guided feedback and interferential current therapy with electromassage improves cervical pain and function outcomes in fighter pilots with flight-related neck pain compared to their usual operational routines.
designThirty-one pilots participated in the study, divided into two groups: intervention group (n = 14), who received eight sessions of a multimodal physiotherapy program (twice a week for 4 weeks), and a control group (n = 17), who did not receive any intervention and maintained their usual operational routines. Primary outcome measures were perceived pain intensity (Numeric Pain Rating Scale) and Joint Position Sense Error. The secondary outcome measures were neck disability (Neck Disability Index), cervical range of motion, and pressure pain threshold. Measurements were taken at baseline and immediately after treatment. An intention-to-treat analysis was carried out. To quantify the effect size of the interventions, the relative risk, the absolute and relative risk reduction, and the number needed to treat were calculated.
resultsStatistically significant changes were observed between groups in favor of the intervention group in both primary outcomes measures: Numeric Pain Rating Scale (mean difference: 2.5 [1.5-3.5]; p < .001; d = 0.7); Joint Position Sense Error (mean difference: 2 [1.5-2.5]; p < .001; d = 0.8), and secondary outcomes measures (p < .05), with large effect sizes (d ≥ 0.8) in cervical range of motion and pressure pain threshold and moderate (d ≥ 0.6) in Neck Disability Index. In the analysis for treatment benefit, the number needed to treat was 2 (95% confidence interval, 2-3, p < .001) for neck pain and proprioceptive acuity.
conclusionsA multimodal physiotherapy program based on supervised exercises with laser-guided feedback and interferential current therapy improves the symptoms and cervical function of fighter pilots with flight-related neck pain.
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