Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40407614›Full record

ReviewNeuroSci2025

Unraveling Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Etiology: Current Challenges and Future Directions in Treatment.

Abhishek Poddar, Sreelatha Gaddam, Shivakumar Sonnaila, Venkata Suryanarayana Murthy Bavaraju, Shilpi Agrawal

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in NeuroSci, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Abhishek PoddarDepartment of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8164-1771
Sreelatha GaddamDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India.ORCID 0000-0003-3315-5415
Shivakumar SonnailaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA.
Venkata Suryanarayana Murthy BavarajuDepartment of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA.
Shilpi AgrawalDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4209-571X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a multifactorial etiology involving genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. This review focuses on the current understanding of these contributing elements, examining how they interact to influence ADHD development. Genetic predispositions, environmental exposures, and epigenetic modifications collectively shape the risk and manifestation of the disorder. Despite advancements in research, significant challenges remain in identifying precise mechanisms and translating them into effective treatments. The variability of symptoms across individuals, influenced by factors such as age, gender, and cultural background, further complicates diagnosis and treatment. Addressing these challenges requires a deeper investigation into the underlying causes of ADHD and the development of tailored interventions. This review aims to highlight both the progress made in understanding ADHD etiology and the current gaps in treatment approaches, calling for more targeted research and personalized therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)genetic and environmental interactionsgut–brain axisneurodevelopmental disordersneurotransmitter dysregulationnon-pharmacological interventionspharmacological therapies

Identifiers

PMID40407614
PMCPMC12101162

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.