ArticleThe Journal of school health2025
Improvements in School Professionals' Knowledge and Self-Efficacy After Completing CDC HEADS UP to Schools Online Training.
Article in The Journal of school health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSchool professionals, including classroom teachers, school administrators, psychologists, teachers' aides, and nurses, often interact with students with concussions. To ensure they have the knowledge to identify and manage concussions, the U.S. Centers of Disease Control and Prevention developed the HEADS UP to Schools online training.
methodsThe HEADS UP to Schools training includes a pre-test and post-test consisting of 16 knowledge questions in three areas (symptom recognition, school support and accommodation, and guidance and recommendations for school staff) and five self-efficacy questions. Pre- and post-test responses of 8750 individuals were compared and analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the training.
resultsRespondent scores significantly improved between pre- and post-test responses for all knowledge questions and self-efficacy questions. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: Schools and school districts may consider offering this training to staff to help ensure that at least one person at each school is trained on concussion and to increase awareness of evidence-based practices.
conclusionsKnowledge and self-efficacy on concussion identification and management improved among school professionals who completed the HEADS UP to Schools training. Future research to assess whether concussion knowledge and self-efficacy are maintained long term may be beneficial.
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