Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40407132›Full record

ArticleZoological research2025

Adaptive evolution of

Yao Liu, Luo-Ying Deme, Jia Liu, Shi-Xia Xu, Guang Yang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Zoological research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yao LiuJiangsu Key Laboratory for the Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
Luo-Ying DemeJiangsu Key Laboratory for the Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
Jia LiuJiangsu Key Laboratory for the Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
Shi-Xia XuJiangsu Key Laboratory for the Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China. E-mail: xushixia@njnu.edu.cn.
Guang YangJiangsu Key Laboratory for the Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vertebrate limbs have undergone profound morphological diversification, enabling adaptations to a broad spectrum of ecological niches. In marine mammals, the evolution of highly specialized flipper-like forelimbs represents a profound structural transformation associated with aquatic habitats. This adaptation has been hypothesized to result, in part, from the inhibition of interphalangeal cell apoptosis during limb development, although the underlying genetic mechanism remains poorly understood. This study investigated the evolutionary dynamics and functional consequences of three key bone morphogenetic protein genes,

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalBiological EvolutionBone Morphogenetic Protein 4CetaceaForelimbAnimalsEvolution, MolecularGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalBone Morphogenetic Protein 4BMP4CetaceansFlipper limbFunctional change

Identifiers

PMID40407132
PMCPMC12361908

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.