ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2025
Evaluating the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Lavender Essential Oil and Linalool on Dual Candida albicans Biofilms With Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis From Canine External Otitis.
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Comparison of the Effect of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized withPharmaceutics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBiofilm formation significantly contributes to the rise of antimicrobial resistance, treatment failures and recurrent infections. Essential oils (EOs), particularly lavender EO (LEO), have gained attention for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities. This study investigates the effects of LEO and linalool on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), and Candida albicans (C. albicans) isolates. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe chemical composition of LEO was analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eight clinical and reference microorganisms were tested, including four C. albicans, three S. aureus, and three S. epidermidis isolates, to assess their biofilm-producing potential with the tissue microtiter plate method. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of LEO and linalool were evaluated in planktonic, single-biofilm, and dual-biofilm phases through microbroth dilution and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
resultsThe minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) of LEO in the planktonic phase were 1250 µg/mL and 2500 µg/mL against Staphylococcus isolates, respectively, while the corresponding value for C. albicans isolates was 5000 µg/mL. 90% biofilm inhibition was achieved at concentrations of 5000 µg/mL and 40,000 µg/mL for Staphylococcus and C. albicans, respectively. LEO completely inhibited dual biofilms formed by C. albicans/S. aureus and C. albicans/S. epidermidis at 20,000 µg/mL, whereas linalool attained 100% inhibition at 40,000 µg/mL.
conclusionLEO demonstrates significant antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus and C. albicans isolates, effective in both planktonic and biofilm phases.
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