ReviewMaternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)2022
Fetal Growth Restriction: Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Management.
Review in Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The correlation between triglyceride-glucose index in early pregnancy (<20 weeks) and pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Understanding changes in echocardiographic parameters at different ages following fetal growth restriction: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Pooled it
- Safety and efficacy of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors in fetal growth restriction: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2024Pooled it
- TRIP10 as a Key Regulator in Fetal Growth Restriction: a Study Integrating Bioinformatics Screening with Experimental Validation.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2026Article
- Proteomic signatures during pregnancy: an exploratory cohort study of long-term health indicators.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Cerebroplacental ratio and middle cerebral artery doppler indices as associations with maternal and neonatal outcomes in term pregnancies undergoing labor induction or augmentation: A cross-sectional study.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2026Article
- Early pregnancy oxylipin markers of inflammation and oxidative stress are associated with small-for-gestational-age birth and specific phenotypes of fetal growth restriction.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2026Article
- Intranasal stem cell treatment ameliorates neuroinflammation and myelin aberrations in fetal growth-restricted rat pups.Stem cells translational medicine · 2026Article
- Trends of care patterns and outcomes of very low birth weight infants (≤1500 g) born after 27 weeks of gestation in South Wales, UK.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Associations of Nephron Number, Birth Weight, and Causes of Death in a Community at High Risk of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- The TRUFFLE monitoring protocol for early-onset fetal growth restriction: A clinical effectiveness study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Arterial and Venous Doppler Parameters in Fetal Growth Restriction: A Comparative Evaluation of Early- and Late-Onset Subtypes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Cohort study on transplacental antibody transfer to fetal growth-restricted infants of tdap-vaccinated pregnant women, study protocol.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Elevated catecholamine derivatives homovanillic acid and vanillylmandelic acid in the plasma and amniotic fluid of growth-restricted fetal sheep.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Article
- Maternal Corporeal Support in Terminal Stage Brain Astrocytoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Intrapartum Fetal Compromise in Late-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction Using the Modified Myocardial Performance Index: A Prospective Cohort Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- From Fetal Growth Restriction to Adolescent Cardiometabolic Risk: The Impact of Catch-Up Growth and Adiposity.Nutrients · 2026Article
- A prospective study of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), stress, and birth size in a cohort of U.S. Black women.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Article
- Maternal age and the predictive performance of the uterine artery pulsatility index for composite adverse perinatal outcomes in late-onset fetal growth restriction: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is the condition in which a fetus does not reach its intrinsic growth potential and in which the short-term and long-term risks of severe complications are increased. FGR is a frequent complication of pregnancy with a complex etiology and limited management options, other than timely delivery. The most common pathophysiological mechanism is placental insufficiency, due to many underlying causes such as maternal vascular malperfusion, fetal vascular malperfusion and villitis. Identifying truly growth restricted fetuses remains challenging. To date, FGR is often defined by a cut-off of the estimated fetal weight below a certain percentile on a population-based standard. However, small fetal size as a single marker does not discriminate adequately between fetuses or newborns that are constitutionally small but healthy and fetuses or newborns that are growth restricted and thus at risk for adverse outcomes. In 2016, the consensus definition of FGR was internationally accepted to better pinpoint the FGR population. In this review we will discuss the contemporary diagnosis and management issues. Different diagnostic markers are considered, like Doppler measurements, estimated fetal growth, interval growth, fetal movements, biomarkers, and placental markers.
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