ArticleInternational journal of behavioral medicine2026
Partner Smoking/Drinking Is Associated with Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Perinatal Outcomes.
Article in International journal of behavioral medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication associated with adverse fetal-maternal outcomes. This research investigated the association of partner smoking/drinking with GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
methodA prospective cohort study was conducted, involving 1005 pregnant women in Guangzhou from July 2015 to December 2016. Participants were recruited at their first antenatal visit and followed until delivery. A 1:2 nested case-control study was used to assess the association between GDM and partner smoking/drinking, while a cohort study evaluated pregnancy outcomes.
resultsAmong 1005 participants, 324 involved partner smoking/drinking, with 335 GDM cases matched to 670 non-GDM controls. Partner smoking/drinking was a significant independent risk factor for GDM (adjusted odds ratios (OR), 2.0; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3-3.0). Compared to non-GDM women without partner smoking/drinking, the relative risk (RR) of cervical ripening scores < 6 was 2.4 (1.4-4.2) for women with GDM alone and 2.7 (1.5-4.9) for those with both GDM and partner smoking/drinking; high-risk pregnancy scores for GDM alone were 8.9 (5.4-14.6) and 11.3 (6.4-19.8) for both; for turbid amniotic fluid and hospitalization before delivery (< 37 weeks) for GDM alone 2.5 (1.1-6.0) and 1.7 (1.1-2.6), respectively; for cesarean delivery for partner smoking/drinking alone 1.5 (1.0-2.1); for caput succedaneum for both 1.8 (1.1-3.0); for intensive neonatal care GDM alone 19.0 (9.7-37.2) and 28.3 (12.4-64.9) for both. RRs were similar to GDM alone and the both for 5-min Apgar scores < 10.
conclusionPartner smoking/drinking is associated with an increased risk of GDM and adverse pregnancy outcomes. When combined with GDM, the risk has a stronger effect than either one alone.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40405057What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.