ReviewNature reviews. Microbiology2026
Evolution, spread and impact of highly pathogenic H5 avian influenza A viruses.
Review in Nature reviews. Microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed.
- Counting cases, conserving species: addressing highly pathogenic avian influenza in wildlife.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- Article
- Development of a multi-species luciferase-based double-antigen ELISA for the detection of antibodies against influenza A virus H5 clade 2.3.4.4b.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Quadruplex real-time RT-qPCR for simultaneous detection and subtyping of avian influenza viruses and avian coronaviruses.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Influenza.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Skuas as sentinels of high pathogenicity avian influenza H5N1 on the Antarctic Peninsula in the 2024/2025 austral summer.Microbial genomics · 2026Article
- Autoantibodies against type I interferons in patients with zoonotic H7N9 influenza: an observational case-control study.EBioMedicine · 2026Observational
- mRNA-based influenza vaccine expands the B cell response breadth in humans.Nature immunology · 2026Observational
- Ubiquitin-Dependent Regulation of Influenza A Virus Polymerase and vRNP Function: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Evolving dynamics of H5Nx avian influenza in China revealed by long-term wild bird surveillance.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Building resilient food safety systems through a One Health approach to prepare for the next pandemic.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- Perspective on human diagnostic and national reference laboratory preparedness for zoonotic influenza in Europe.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- Allopatric coevolution: Migratory predators may facilitate mimicry between geographically nonoverlapping species.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of laboratory-based and portable qPCR platforms: CFX, MIC, and Biomeme Franklin for African swine fever and avian influenza detection.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Seabirds' mortalities in Antarctica caused by HPAIV: skuas as a sentinel species.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Health information dynamics and audience responses to avian influenza on YouTube: Implications for digital public health communication.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Cross-reactive human antibody responses to H5N1 influenza virus neuraminidase are shaped by immune history.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Disentangling the drivers and host-mediated global spread of H7 influenza A virus.Nature communications · 2026Article
- On the brink of emergence: an evolutionary approach to Influenza A virus H5N1 isolated from humans.Virus research · 2026Article
- Zoonoethics and Inclusive One Health Governance for H5N1 Panzootic: From Animal Culling to Co-responsibility.Public health ethics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since their first detection in 1996, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses with H5 haemagglutinin of the A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (Gs/Gd) lineage have caused outbreaks in domestic and wild animals associated with mass morbidity and mortality, and economic losses as well as sporadic human infections. These viruses have spread to hosts across the European, Asian, African, and North and South American continents, and most recently Antarctica, representing a major threat to wildlife, domestic animals and humans. Owing to continuous circulation in poultry, Gs/Gd lineage viruses have diversified into numerous distinct genetic and antigenic (sub)clades, and genetic diversity has further increased by extensive reassortment with low pathogenic avian influenza viruses of wild birds. In this Review, we discuss the historical emergence of Gs/Gd lineage viruses and their evolution and geographical spread. An overview of the major determinants of host range and cross-species transmission is provided to summarize phenotypic changes that may signal increased zoonotic or pandemic risks. The recent unusual outbreaks in wild carnivorous mammals and dairy cows is discussed, as well as the changing risk to humans. Countermeasures and mitigation strategies are described from the One Health perspective for future (pre-)pandemic preparedness.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.