Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40404923›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Impact of white noise on spatial navigation of people without visual cues.

Shehzaib Shafique, Silvia Zanchi, Monica Gori, Walter Setti, Claudio Campus, Carlos Beltran, Gian Luca Bailo, Alessio Del Bue

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shehzaib ShafiqueUnit of Visually Impaired People (U-VIP), Italian Institute of Technology, 16163, Genoa, Italy. shehzaib.shafique@iit.it.
Silvia ZanchiUnit of Visually Impaired People (U-VIP), Italian Institute of Technology, 16163, Genoa, Italy.
Monica GoriUnit of Visually Impaired People (U-VIP), Italian Institute of Technology, 16163, Genoa, Italy. monica.gori@iit.it.
Walter SettiUnit of Visually Impaired People (U-VIP), Italian Institute of Technology, 16163, Genoa, Italy.
Claudio CampusUnit of Visually Impaired People (U-VIP), Italian Institute of Technology, 16163, Genoa, Italy.
Carlos BeltranPattern Analysis and Computer Vision (PAVIS), Italian Institute of Technology, 16163, Genoa, Italy.
Gian Luca BailoPattern Analysis and Computer Vision (PAVIS), Italian Institute of Technology, 16163, Genoa, Italy.
Alessio Del BuePattern Analysis and Computer Vision (PAVIS), Italian Institute of Technology, 16163, Genoa, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The current study examines how multisensory cues-specifically, passive proprioception combined with white noise-affect navigation ability in the absence of visual input. The main goal was to investigate whether adding white noise, as a non-structured auditory stimulus, could enhance spatial learning and navigation in blindfolded sighted participants. Using a novel motion-tracking technology, SensFloor[Formula: see text], participants completed navigation tasks under two conditions: a unisensory condition (passive proprioceptive cues only) and a multisensory condition (proprioception + white noise). We found that participants' navigational accuracy significantly improved under the multisensory condition. While the white noise source (a speaker) was not intended as a spatial landmark, it may have supported spatial orientation by offering a stable auditory reference, possibly through mechanisms like enhanced balance or rudimentary echolocation. These findings underscore the importance of multisensory integration in spatial cognition and have significant implications for assistive technologies aimed at supporting mobility in individuals without vision.

Indexed as

NoiseSpatial NavigationAcoustic StimulationAdultCuesFemaleHumansMaleOrientation, SpatialProprioceptionVisual PerceptionYoung AdultAuditory perceptionMultisensory integrationNavigation of blindPath integrationSensFloorWhite noise

Identifiers

PMID40404923
PMCPMC12098851

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.