ArticleNPJ vaccines2025
Live attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine OTS-228 demonstrates efficacy, safety, and stability in preclinical model.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Adapted Live SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Elicits Rapid Mucosal Immunity, Protects From Disease, and Reduces Shedding of XBB.1.5.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Perspective Overview of Changing Population Immunity to COVID-19 in the Context of Infection, Vaccination, and Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Live attenuated vaccines (LAV) have the potential to meet all the criteria for an efficacious vaccine. In addition to providing protection against the target disease, they offer the potential to prevent transmission, provide cross-protection by stimulating humoral and cellular immunity, and allow versatility in application routes. The SARS-CoV-2 LAV candidate, OTS-228, has demonstrated excellent safety and high efficacy in preclinical models, inducing transmission-blocking immunity and providing full protection, even against variants such as Omicron BA.2, BA.5, and XBB.1.5. However, to ensure that OTS-228 has no dose-dependent side effects and to evaluate potential risk of reversion to virulence-a known general issue with live vaccines-detailed characterization of LAV OTS-228 is essential. To address this, we conducted four different experiments using Syrian hamsters, a model for moderate to severe COVID-19. A maximum dose trial confirmed the vaccine's full attenuation and prevention of transmission, even at high doses. In addition, four intentional serial in vivo passages demonstrated the genomic stability of the vaccine and the non-infectivity of nasal washings. Furthermore, OTS-228 maintained its attenuation and immunogenicity even after 15 additional in vitro passages, providing full protection against lung infection with virulent SARS-CoV-2 strains. Finally, a low-dose experiment confirmed the high efficacy of the vaccine candidate, establishing the protective dose 50 (PD
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.