ArticleJournal of cosmetic dermatology2025
Impact of Removal of Unsatisfactory Eyebrow Permanent Cosmetic Pigmentation on the Quality of Life - WHOQOL-BREF-Based Study.
Article in Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Digital image analysis-based predictors of effective permanent make-up removal with laser and chemical remover.Scientific reports · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe appearance of the periorbital area can be improved with eyebrow permanent makeup (PMU); however, the effect is not always acceptable, and the patient may seek to remove it. This study aimed to confirm whether the removal of unsatisfactory eyebrow PMU influences quality of life, and to analyze the factors related to any improvement in quality of life after treatment.
methodsThe study included 75 participants recruited consecutively (mean age: 42.8 ± 10 years); all were female, with Fitzpatrick skin type I-III, who accomplished PMU removal in one Clinic. During an initial visit, the patients indicated their demographic data, motivation, and reasons for dissatisfaction with PMU in a questionnaire and completed the WHO quality of life brief form (WHOQOL-BREF). Two treatment modes were implemented: laser treatment or laser plus chemical remover. The WHOQOL was completed a second time at least three months after treatment.
resultsThe most frequent cause of dissatisfaction was color (43.8%), followed by color and shape (37%), color intensity/saturation (19.2%), and shape alone (11%). Significant differences in the WHO-1, WHO-2, DOM-1, and DOM-3 domains of the WHOQOL-BREF were found between baseline and after treatment.
conclusionRemoval of unsatisfactory PMU in Caucasian women with Fitzpatrick skin types I-III resulted in significant improvements in overall quality of life and its physical and social domains. The physical aspect shows that the patients consider unwanted PMU as a physical impairment, which, although not being disabling, nevertheless affects body-related quality of life. In addition, a significant improvement in the psychological domain was also observed after treatment.
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