Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40402828›Full record

ArticleFEMS microbiology letters2025

Surprising effects of differential loss in genome evolution: the last-one-out.

Nico Bremer, William F Martin, Mike Steel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in FEMS microbiology letters, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The Functional State ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Nico BremerFaculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Molecular Evolution, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2319-6424
William F MartinFaculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Molecular Evolution, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany.
Mike SteelBiomathematics Research Centre, University of Canterbury, 8140 Christchurch, New Zealand.

Funding

European Research Council 101018894
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gene loss is an important process in genome evolution, though its power is often underestimated. If a gene is present at the root of a phylogenetic tree and can be lost in one lineage across the tree, it can potentially be lost in all, leading to gene extinction. Just before gene extinction, there will be one lineage that still retains the gene, generating a "last-one-out" distribution. Such an isolated gene presence will emulate the result of recent lateral gene acquisition, even though its distribution was generated by loss. How probable is it to observe "last-one-out" distributions in real data? Here, we mathematically derive this probability and find that it is surprisingly high, depending upon the tree and the gene loss rate. Examples from real data show that loss can readily account for observed frequencies of last-one-out gene distributions that might otherwise be attributed to lateral gene transfer.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularGene DeletionGene Transfer, HorizontalModels, GeneticPhylogenybirth–death processgene losslateral gene transfer

Identifiers

PMID40402828
PMCPMC12125579

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.