Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40402464›Full record

ArticleDrug delivery and translational research2026

A patented portable multifunctional nebulizer for enhanced respiratory drug delivery: an experimental study.

Hao Chen, Yanman Chen, Deep K Vaishnani, Jiajia Zhang

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Article in Drug delivery and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hao ChenDepartment of Thyroid, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000.
Yanman ChenDepartment of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000.
Deep K VaishnaniSchool of International Studies, Wenzhou Medical University, Chashan, Ouhai District, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China, 325035.
Jiajia ZhangDepartment of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China, 325000. zhangjiajia@wmu.edu.cn.

Funding

Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau Funding Project Y20210061
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to design and evaluate the clinical efficacy of a new patented portable multifunctional medical nebulizer. The portable multifunctional nebulizer, constructed using medical-grade PVC, incorporates four main systems: a nebulization system, a particle size adjustment mechanism, a heating unit, and a power storage system. This study employed a comparative experimental design. A conventional medical nebulizer, commonly used in a tertiary hospital, was selected as the control group, while the newly developed portable multifunctional nebulizer served as the experimental group. Each group underwent 30 experimental runs, with controlled variables across all tests. Key parameters assessed included initial mist emission time, nebulization rate, particle size distribution, medication splash loss, residual drug volume, and noise levels. The particle size distribution was measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS) technology, while medication loss was calculated by capturing mist spillover and measuring residual drug volume. Noise levels during stable nebulization were recorded using a sound level meter. The experimental group demonstrated the production of smaller, more uniform nebulized particles, reduced medication splash loss, decreased residual drug volume, and lower noise emissions. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed across all parameters when compared to the control group. The multifunctional medical nebulizer consistently generates particles within a size range of 120-160 nm, improving drug delivery to target organs, minimizing medication loss, and reducing operational noise. This innovative design represents a significant advancement in the clinical application of respiratory therapy.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsNebulizers and VaporizersAdministration, InhalationAerosolsEquipment DesignHumansParticle SizeAerosolsAerosol drug deliveryMass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD)Multifunctional medical nebulizerNebulizer performanceNebulizersParticle size distribution

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.